{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T18:21:46Z","timestamp":1793298106537,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]],"date-time":"2023-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682035200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32000901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32000901"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC3401500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3401500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2104800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2104800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National key research and development program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["32000901"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["32000901"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National key research and development program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC3401500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC3401500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National key research and development program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022YFC2104800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022YFC2104800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Legionella pneumophila is the causative agent of Legionnaires\u2019 disease, causing fever and lung infection, with a death rate up to 15% in severe cases. In the process of infection, Legionella\u00a0pneumophila secretes over 330 effectors into host cell via the Dot\/Icm type IV secretion system to modulate multiple host cellular physiological processes, thereby changing the environment of the host cell and promoting the growth and propagation of the bacterium. Among these effector proteins, SidE family proteins from Legionella pneumophila catalyze a non-canonical ubiquitination reaction, which combines mono-ADP-ribosylation and phosphodiesterase activities together to attach ubiquitin onto substrates. Meanwhile, the activity of SidE family proteins is also under multiple modulations by other effectors. Herein we summarize the key insights into recent studies in this area, emphasizing the tight link between the modular structure of SidE family proteins and the pathogen virulence as well as the fundamental mechanism and modulation network for further extensive research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12040629","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]],"date-time":"2023-04-24T03:38:07Z","timestamp":1682307487000},"page":"629","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Mechanism and Modulation of SidE Family Proteins in the Pathogenesis of Legionella pneumophila"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Yongchao","family":"Xie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China"},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Crop Biology, College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai\u2019an 271002, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1576-1385","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yue","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1189","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197712012972201","article-title":"Legionnaires\u2019 Disease","volume":"297","author":"Fraser","year":"1977","journal-title":"N. 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