{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T12:06:16Z","timestamp":1790424376552,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":408,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,23]],"date-time":"2023-04-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682208000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In recent decades, mosquito-borne illnesses have emerged as a major health burden in many tropical regions. These diseases, such as malaria, dengue fever, chikungunya, yellow fever, Zika virus infection, Rift Valley fever, Japanese encephalitis, and West Nile virus infection, are transmitted through the bite of infected mosquitoes. These pathogens have been shown to interfere with the host\u2019s immune system through adaptive and innate immune mechanisms, as well as the human circulatory system. Crucial immune checkpoints such as antigen presentation, T cell activation, differentiation, and proinflammatory response play a vital role in the host cell\u2019s response to pathogenic infection. Furthermore, these immune evasions have the potential to stimulate the human immune system, resulting in other associated non-communicable diseases. This review aims to advance our understanding of mosquito-borne diseases and the immune evasion mechanisms by associated pathogens. Moreover, it highlights the adverse outcomes of mosquito-borne disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12050635","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,24]],"date-time":"2023-04-24T03:38:07Z","timestamp":1682307487000},"page":"635","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Mechanism of Immune Evasion in Mosquito-Borne Diseases"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Swagato","family":"Bhattacharjee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"DBT Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debanjan","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rounak","family":"Saha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pondicherry University, Puducherry 605014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rima","family":"Sarkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DBT Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saurav","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DBT Rajiv Gandhi Centre for Biotechnology, Thiruvananthapuram 695014, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7106-8545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manoj","family":"Khokhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biochemistry, AIIMS, Jodhpur 342005, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2135-5287","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rajan Kumar","family":"Pandey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institute, 171 77 Solna, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2020). 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