{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T20:29:32Z","timestamp":1788380972927,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,30]],"date-time":"2023-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1682812800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hepatitis E virus (HEV), a common cause of viral hepatitis in developing countries, is mainly transmitted via the fecal\u2013oral route, but also may be a prevalent hospital-transmitted agent among patients on regular hemodialysis due to parenteral transmission. Previous epidemiological studies among hemodialysis patients in Greece, using different diagnostic techniques, gave conflicting results. \u03a4he present study aimed to measure the exposure rate of hemodialysis patients of north-eastern Greece to HEV by estimating the overall seroprevalence, and to identify potential risk factors. Serum samples from all patients attending the hemodialysis centers of north-eastern Greece (n = 6) were tested for the presence of anti-HEV IgG antibodies using a modern and sensitive ELISA (Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay) technique (Wantai). In total, 42 out of 405 hemodialysis patients were positive for anti-HEV IgG (10.4%), while all samples were negative for HEV RNA when tested using nested RT-PCR. HEV seropositivity among hemodialysis patients was significantly associated with area of residence and contact with specific animals (pork, deer). No association was found with religion, gender distribution and hemodialysis duration. This study showed an increased seroprevalence of HEV among hemodialysis patients in Greece. Agricultural or livestock occupation and place of residence seem to be independent factors that increase the risk of HEV infection. In conclusion, HEV infection calls for the regular screening of hemodialysis patients regardless of the hemodialysis duration or clinical symptoms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12050667","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,1]],"date-time":"2023-05-01T12:14:08Z","timestamp":1682943248000},"page":"667","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Hepatitis E Virus (HEV) Infection in Hemodialysis Patients: A Multicenter Epidemiological Cohort Study in North-Eastern Greece"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2505-7076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dionysios","family":"Kogias","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-9436-5848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aikaterini","family":"Skeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Smyrlis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Efthymia","family":"Mourvati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantinia","family":"Kantartzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gioulia","family":"Romanidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Department, General Hospital \u201cSismanogleio\u201d, 69100 Komotini, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Kalientzidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nephrology, General Hospital of Kavala, 65500 Kavala, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasiliki","family":"Rekari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood Transfusion Center, General Hospital of Xanthi, 67100 Xanthi, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleni","family":"Konstantinidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood Transfusion Center, General Hospital of Drama, 66100 Drama, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parthena","family":"Kiorteve","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Department, General Hospital of Drama, 66100 Drama, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ioannis","family":"Paroglou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nephrology Department, General Hospital of Didymoteicho, 68300 Didymoteicho, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4188-9518","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasileios","family":"Papadopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AKESIOS Dialysis Center, 67100 Xanthi, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4296-3414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theocharis","family":"Konstantinidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Blood Transfusion Center, University General Hospital of Alexandroupolis and Laboratory of Microbiology, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Panopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Microbiology, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Mimidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"First Department of Internal Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"},{"name":"Laboratory for the Study of Gastrointestinal System and Liver, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7030","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v22.i31.7030","article-title":"Hepatitis E: Discovery, global impact, control and cure","volume":"22","author":"Khuroo","year":"2016","journal-title":"World J. 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