{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T07:42:52Z","timestamp":1791618172713,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]],"date-time":"2023-05-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685404800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Federal Ministry of Education and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01KI1903A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01KI1903A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Federal Ministry of Education and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01KI1903B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01KI1903B"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Federal Ministry of Education and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3718 484 250"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3718 484 250"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Federal Ministry of Education and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3714 67 407 0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3714 67 407 0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002347","name":"Federal Ministry of Education and Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3716 48 431 0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3716 48 431 0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002347","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010809","name":"Federal Environment Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01KI1903A"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01KI1903A"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010809","name":"Federal Environment Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["01KI1903B"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["01KI1903B"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010809","name":"Federal Environment Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3718 484 250"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3718 484 250"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010809","name":"Federal Environment Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3714 67 407 0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3714 67 407 0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100010809","name":"Federal Environment Agency","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["3716 48 431 0"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["3716 48 431 0"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100010809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Three species of white-toothed shrews of the order Eulipotyphla are present in central Europe: the bicolored (Crocidura leucodon), greater (Crocidura russula) and lesser (Crocidura suaveolens) white-toothed shrews. Their precise distribution in Germany is ill-defined and little is known about them as reservoirs for zoonotic pathogens (Leptospira spp., Coxiella burnetii, Brucella spp., Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Babesia spp., Neoehrlichia mikurensis and Bartonella spp.). We investigated 372 Crocidura spp. from Germany (n = 341), Austria (n = 18), Luxembourg (n = 2) and Slovakia (n = 11). West European hedgehogs (Erinaceus europaeus) were added to compare the presence of pathogens in co-occurring insectivores. Crocidura russula were distributed mainly in western and C. suaveolens mainly in north-eastern Germany. Crocidura leucodon occurred in overlapping ranges with the other shrews. Leptospira spp. DNA was detected in 28\/227 C. russula and 2\/78 C. leucodon samples. Further characterization revealed that Leptospira kirschneri had a sequence type (ST) 100. Neoehrlichia mikurensis DNA was detected in spleen tissue from 2\/213 C. russula samples. Hedgehogs carried DNA from L. kirschneri (ST 100), L. interrogans (ST 24), A. phagocytophilum and two Bartonella species. This study improves the knowledge of the current distribution of Crocidura shrews and identifies C. russula as carrier of Leptospira kirschneri. However, shrews seem to play little-to-no role in the circulation of the arthropod-borne pathogens investigated.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12060781","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,31]],"date-time":"2023-05-31T04:40:51Z","timestamp":1685508051000},"page":"781","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["White-Toothed Shrews (Genus Crocidura): Potential Reservoirs for Zoonotic Leptospira spp. and Arthropod-Borne Pathogens?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-7595-8239","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viola","family":"Haring","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, S\u00fcdufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jens","family":"Jacob","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Rodent Research, Julius K\u00fchn-Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Toppheideweg 88, 48161 M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bernd","family":"Walther","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Epidemiology and Pathogen Diagnostics, Rodent Research, Julius K\u00fchn-Institute, Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Toppheideweg 88, 48161 M\u00fcnster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Trost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dezernat Artenschutz, Staatliche Vogelschutzwarte und CITES, Landesamt f\u00fcr Umweltschutz Sachsen-Anhalt, Reideburger Stra\u00dfe 47, 06116 Halle (Saale), Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Stubbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zentralmagazin Naturwissenschaftlicher Sammlungen, Martin-Luther-Universit\u00e4t Halle-Wittenberg, Domplatz 4, 06108 Halle (Saale), Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7421-7577","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Katja","family":"Mertens-Scholz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Falk","family":"Melzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Bacterial Infections and Zoonoses, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, Naumburger Str. 96a, 07743 Jena, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nelly","family":"Scuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bavarian Health and Food Safety Authority, Eggenreuther Weg 43, 91058 Erlangen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michaela","family":"Gentil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboklin GmbH & Co.KG, Steubenstrasse 4, 97688 Bad Kissingen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wolfdieter","family":"Sixl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Hygiene, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tanja","family":"Sch\u00e4fer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wildtierhilfe Sch\u00e4fer e.V., Waldstra\u00dfe 275, 63071 Offenbach, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9917-2421","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michal","family":"Stanko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Parasitology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Hlinkova 3, 04001 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ronny","family":"Wolf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Biology, Molecular Evolution and Systematics of Animals, University of Leipzig, Talstra\u00dfe 33, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2457-8224","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martin","family":"Pfeffer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 41-43, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5620-1528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rainer G.","family":"Ulrich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, Federal Research Institute for Animal Health, S\u00fcdufer 10, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Obiegala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Hygiene and Veterinary Public Health, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 41-43, 04103 Leipzig, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Wilson, D.E., and Mittermaier, R.A. 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