{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T20:39:19Z","timestamp":1788554359263,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1691452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>HIV-associated hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is mainly due to infections caused by viruses, fungi, and, to a lesser extent, bacteria, often with fatal results. Case presentation: A 15-year-old pediatric patient from another institution was admitted to our hospital with a fever of unknown origin (FUO). Clinical analysis and laboratory studies diagnosed HIV infection. The approach to an FUO in a patient with AIDS is much more complex due to the search for common etiologies and opportunistic infections. In this case, disseminated histoplasmosis, pulmonary tuberculosis, pneumocystosis, and ehrlichiosis were diagnosed, prompting an urgent and comprehensive approach to prevent mortality. Due to the multiple infections, HLH was triggered. An early intervention with trimethoprim (TMP)\u2013sulfamethoxazole (SMX), liposomal amphotericin B, doxycycline, and quadruple antiphimic therapy to suppress infections, in conjunction with the early administration of HLH treatment, favored the survival of this patient.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12081021","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]],"date-time":"2023-08-08T12:26:39Z","timestamp":1691497599000},"page":"1021","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Survival of Hemophagocytic Syndrome Secondary to Fungal and Bacterial Infection in a Pediatric Patient with HIV: A Case Report"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Erika","family":"Reina-Bautista","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Infectolog\u00eda-Pedi\u00e1trica, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Carretera Federal M\u00e9xico-Puebla Km. 34.5, Pueblo de Zoquiapan, Ixtapaluca 56530, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Omar Esteban","family":"Valencia-Ledezma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Carretera Federal M\u00e9xico-Puebla Km. 34.5, Pueblo de Zoquiapan, Ixtapaluca 56530, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3160-8698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Guadalupe","family":"Fr\u00edas-De-Le\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Carretera Federal M\u00e9xico-Puebla Km. 34.5, Pueblo de Zoquiapan, Ixtapaluca 56530, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo","family":"Acosta-Altamirano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Carretera Federal M\u00e9xico-Puebla Km. 34.5, Pueblo de Zoquiapan, Ixtapaluca 56530, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1277-7170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos Alberto","family":"Castro-Fuentes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de Ixtapaluca, Carretera Federal M\u00e9xico-Puebla Km. 34.5, Pueblo de Zoquiapan, Ixtapaluca 56530, Mexico"},{"name":"Posgrado en Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2632010X2211180","DOI":"10.1177\/2632010X221118059","article-title":"Hemophagocytic Syndrome in a Patient with HIV and Histoplasmosis: A not so Rare Correlation","volume":"15","author":"Freire","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. 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