{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,24]],"date-time":"2026-06-24T05:23:51Z","timestamp":1782278631308,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003323","name":"ANRS|Maladies infectieuses \u00e9mergentes-INSERM","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["12153"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["12153"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003323","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>IRIS is a common complication in HIV-infected patients treated for tuberculosis (TB) and cART. Our aim was to evaluate NK cell reconstitution in HIV-infected patients with TB-IRIS compared to those without IRIS. 147 HIV-infected patients with TB from the CAMELIA trial were enrolled. HIV+TB+ patients were followed for 32 weeks. The NK cell repertoire was assessed in whole blood at different time points. As CAMELIA has two arms (early and late cART initiation), we analysed them separately. At enrolment, individuals had low CD4 cell counts (27 cells\/mm3) and high plasma viral loads (5.76 and 5.50 log\/mL for IRIS and non-IRIS individuals, respectively). Thirty-seven people developed IRIS (in the early and late arms). In the early and late arms, we observed similar proportions of total NK and NK cell subsets in TB-IRIS and non-IRIS individuals during follow-up, except for the CD56dimCD16pos (both arms) and CD56dimCD16neg (late arm only) subsets, which were higher in TB-IRIS and non-IRIS individuals, respectively, after cART. Regarding the repertoire and markers of NK cells, significant differences (lower expression of NKp30, NKG2A (CD159a), NKG2D (CD314) were observed in TB-IRIS compared to non-IRIS individuals after the start of cART. In the late arm, some changes (increased expression of CD69, NKG2C, CD158i) were observed in TB-IRIS compared to non-IRIS individuals, but only before cART initiation (during TB treatment). KIR expression by NK cells (CD158a and CD158i) was similar in both groups. CD69 expression by NK cells decreased in all groups. Expression of the NCR repertoire (NKp30, NKp44, NKp46) has similar kinetics in TB-IRIS subjects compared to non-IRIS subjects regardless of the arm analysed. NK cell reconstitution appeared to be better in TB-IRIS subjects. Although NK cell reconstitution is impaired in HIV infection after cART, as previously reported, it does not appear to be affected by the development of IRIS in HIV and TB-infected individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12101241","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T10:04:39Z","timestamp":1697191479000},"page":"1241","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Natural Killer Repertoire Restoration in TB\/HIV Co-Infected Individuals Experienced an Immune Reconstitution Syndrome (CAMELIA Trial, ANRS 12153)"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2252-9277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Polidy","family":"Pean","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Unit, Institute Pasteur du Cambodge, Phnom Pen 12000, Cambodia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6201-1261","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yoann","family":"Madec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Epidemiology of Emerging Diseases, Institut Pasteur, Universit\u00e9 de Paris, 75000 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Nerrienet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut Pasteur, 75000 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurence","family":"Borand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Team, Epidemiology and Public Health Unit, Institut Pasteur du Cambodge, Phom Penh 12000, Cambodia"},{"name":"Center for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Infectious Diseases, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 20600, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0104-9047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Didier","family":"Laureillard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious and Tropical Diseases Department, University Hospital, 30900 Nimes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res, 1200 Geneva, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3350-112X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivier","family":"Marcy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Institute for Sustainable Development (IRD) EMR 271, National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM) UMR 1219, University of Bordeaux, 33000 Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1851-503X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Scott-Algara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Biologie Cellulaire et Lymphocytes, Institut Pasteur, 75000 Paris, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e20","DOI":"10.1016\/S2666-5247(22)00359-7","article-title":"WHO\u2019s Global Tuberculosis Report 2022","volume":"4","author":"Bagcchi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Lancet Microbe"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2059","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08904-3","article-title":"Effect of highly active antiretroviral therapy on incidence of tuberculosis in South Africa: A cohort study","volume":"359","author":"Badri","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zolopa, A., Andersen, J., Powderly, W., Sanchez, A., Sanne, I., Suckow, C., Hogg, E., and Komarow, L. 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