{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T16:43:14Z","timestamp":1777480994786,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]],"date-time":"2023-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1697155200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China","award":["2021J011044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021J011044"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China","award":["No. 2019GXNSFBA185009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2019GXNSFBA185009"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China","award":["2019\u20132022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\u20132022"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China","award":["No. 2021ZW004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2021ZW004"]}]},{"name":"Guangxi Natural Science Foundation","award":["2021J011044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021J011044"]}]},{"name":"Guangxi Natural Science Foundation","award":["No. 2019GXNSFBA185009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2019GXNSFBA185009"]}]},{"name":"Guangxi Natural Science Foundation","award":["2019\u20132022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\u20132022"]}]},{"name":"Guangxi Natural Science Foundation","award":["No. 2021ZW004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2021ZW004"]}]},{"name":"Fujian Province Modern Poultry Industry Technology System Construction Project","award":["2021J011044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021J011044"]}]},{"name":"Fujian Province Modern Poultry Industry Technology System Construction Project","award":["No. 2019GXNSFBA185009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2019GXNSFBA185009"]}]},{"name":"Fujian Province Modern Poultry Industry Technology System Construction Project","award":["2019\u20132022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\u20132022"]}]},{"name":"Fujian Province Modern Poultry Industry Technology System Construction Project","award":["No. 2021ZW004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2021ZW004"]}]},{"name":"Research Fundation of Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Control of Animal Original Zoonosis, Fujian Province University","award":["2021J011044"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021J011044"]}]},{"name":"Research Fundation of Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Control of Animal Original Zoonosis, Fujian Province University","award":["No. 2019GXNSFBA185009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2019GXNSFBA185009"]}]},{"name":"Research Fundation of Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Control of Animal Original Zoonosis, Fujian Province University","award":["2019\u20132022"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019\u20132022"]}]},{"name":"Research Fundation of Engineering Research Center for the Prevention and Control of Animal Original Zoonosis, Fujian Province University","award":["No. 2021ZW004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 2021ZW004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Toxoplasma gondii is an opportunistic pathogenic protozoan that can infect all nucleated cells in almost all warm-blooded animals, including humans. T. gondii infection has been reported in many food animals worldwide. However, the prevalence and genotypes of T. gondii in chickens from farmers\u2019 markets in Fujian province in southeastern China remain unreported. In the present study, four tissue samples from each of the 577 chickens (namely, the heart, liver, lungs, and muscles) were collected from farmers\u2019 markets in five regions of Fujian province (Zhangzhou, Sanming, Quanzhou, Fuzhou, and Longyan). We first analyzed the prevalence and genotypes of T. gondii using PCR targeting of the B1 gene of T. gondii. Of the 577 chickens, thirty-two (5.5%) tested positive for the B1 gene. Among the five regions, Sanming had the highest infection rate (16.8%, 16\/95), followed by Quanzhou (8.0%, 8\/100), Longyan (5.0%, 5\/100), Zhangzhou (1.1%, 2\/182), and Fuzhou (1.0%, 1\/100). Among these thirty-two T. gondii-positive chickens, the infection rates of the lungs, heart, liver, and muscles were 68.8% (22\/32), 34.4% (11\/32), 28.1% (9\/32), and 9.4% (3\/32), respectively. Significant differences in prevalence were found among the different regions (\u03c72 = 35.164, p &lt; 0.05) and tissues (\u03c72 = 25.874, p &lt; 0.05). A total of 128 tissue and organ samples of the thirty-two T. gondii-positive chickens from the different regions were analyzed using PCR\u2013restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR\u2013RFLP) on the basis of 10 genetic markers. Seven tissue samples (lung samples from five chickens, heart samples from one chicken, and liver samples from one chicken) underwent successful amplification at all the genetic markers, and all the T. gondii genotypes were identified as genotype I (ToxoDB #10). These findings serve as a foundation for evaluating the risk of T. gondii contamination in chicken products intended for human consumption and offer insight into preventing the transmission of the parasite from chickens to humans.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12101243","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T14:38:42Z","timestamp":1697294322000},"page":"1243","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["First Molecular Detection and Genotype Identification of Toxoplasma gondii in Chickens from Farmers\u2019 Markets in Fujian Province, Southeastern China"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"given":"Meng-Jie","family":"Chu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Li-Yuan","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wen-Yuan","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ya-Fei","family":"Song","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ying-Sheng","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zhangzhou Animal Husbandry Technical Service Station, Zhangzhou 363000, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Si-Ang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6563-0025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dong-Hui","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Fujian-Taiwan Animal Pathogen Biology, College of Animal Sciences (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1965","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(04)16412-X","article-title":"Toxoplasmosis","volume":"363","author":"Montoya","year":"2004","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1645\/15-945","article-title":"Isolation and RFLP Genotyping of Toxoplasma gondii in Free-Range Chickens (Gallus domesticus) in Grenada, West Indies, Revealed Widespread and Dominance of Clonal Type III Parasites","volume":"103","author":"Chikweto","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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