{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,31]],"date-time":"2026-07-31T09:56:26Z","timestamp":1785491786461,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":56,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701043200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Grant of the Government of the Russian Federation","award":["075-15-2021-602"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["075-15-2021-602"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A wide range of comorbidities, especially in multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis (XDR-TB) patients, markedly complicates selecting effective treatment of tuberculosis (TB) and preventing the development of adverse events. At present, it is impossible to assess the severity of comorbid pathologies and develop indications for the administration of accompanying therapy in TB patients. The aim of this study was to identify the difference in the range of comorbidities between patients with MDR-TB and XDR-TB and assess the impact of comorbidities on TB treatment. Materials and Methods: A retrospective, prospective study was conducted where 307 patients with MDR-TB and XDR-TB pulmonary tuberculosis aged 18 to 75 years who received eTB treatment from 2016 to 2021 in St. Petersburg hospitals were analyzed. The analysis showed that the comorbidity level in MDR-TB and XDR-TB patients with TB treatment success and treatment failure was comparable with the use of the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI). The CCI demonstrated declining data in terms of TB treatment outcome period in both groups. A slight predominance of CCI score (3 to 4 points) in XDR-TB (22.7%) vs. MDR-TB (15.4%) patients was found. In the case of an TB treatment failure, the CCI level in MDR-TB vs. XDR-TB patients was characterized by a significantly higher rate of low magnitude (ranging from 1 to 2 points) in 21.1% vs. 4.5% (p &lt; 0.05), which was higher in XDR-TB patients (ranging from 4 to 5 points, in 10.0% vs. 0, \u03c72 = 33.7 (p &lt; 0.01)). Chronic viral hepatitis B and C infection, cardiovascular pathology, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and chronic alcoholism were found to be significant comorbidity factors that influenced the TB treatment success. Conclusions: It is evident that XDR-TB patients comprise a cohort with the most severe disease course due to comorbidities impacting TB treatment efficacy. The obtained data pointed to the need to determine comorbidity severity in patients with drug-resistant Mbt prior to administering TB treatment schemes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens12121394","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]],"date-time":"2023-11-27T11:54:48Z","timestamp":1701086088000},"page":"1394","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Assessment of Comorbidity in Patients with Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9023-6986","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Starshinova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Almazov National Medical Research Centre, 197341 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michail","family":"Nazarenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Russia Pushkin TB Healthcare Dispensary, 196602 Pushkin, Russia"},{"name":"Scientific Research Institute of Phthisiopulmonology, 194064 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ekaterina","family":"Belyaeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Republic TB Healthcare Dispensary, 185032 Petrozavodsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Chuzhov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdistrict Petrograd-Primorsky TB Dispensary N. 3, 197343 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolay","family":"Osipov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia"},{"name":"Steklov Mathematical Institute of Russian Academy of Sciences, 191023 Saint-Petersburg, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1878-4467","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitry","family":"Kudlay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Department, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 197022 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Institute of Immunology FMBA of Russia, 115478 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Collaborative Group for the Meta-Analysis of Individual Patient Data in MDR-TB treatment\u20132017, Ahmad, N., Ahuja, S.D., Akkerman, O.W., Alffenaar, J.C., Anderson, L.F., Baghaei, P., Bang, D., Barry, P.M., and Bastos, M.L. (2018). Treatment correlates of successful outcomes in pulmonary multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: An individual patient data meta-analysis. Lancet, 392, 821\u2013834."},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) GTP (2022). 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