{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T21:40:37Z","timestamp":1782510037058,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":148,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703203200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5T32MH079785"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5T32MH079785"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1 R61\/R33 DA058397-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1 R61\/R33 DA058397-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["5T32MH079785"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5T32MH079785"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1 R61\/R33 DA058397-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1 R61\/R33 DA058397-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Infectious agents, notably viruses, can cause or increase the risk of cancer occurrences. These agents often disrupt normal cellular functions, promote uncontrolled proliferation and growth, and trigger chronic inflammation, leading to cancer. Approximately 20% of all cancer cases in humans are associated with an infectious pathogen. The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) recognizes seven viruses as direct oncogenic agents, including Epstein\u2013Barr Virus (EBV), Kaposi\u2019s Sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV), human T-cell leukemia virus type-1 (HTLV-1), human papilloma virus (HPV), hepatitis C virus (HCV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). Most viruses linked to increased cancer risk are typically transmitted through contact with contaminated body fluids and high-risk behaviors. The risk of infection can be reduced through vaccinations and routine testing, as well as recognizing and addressing risky behaviors and staying informed about public health concerns. Numerous strategies are currently in pre-clinical phases or undergoing clinical trials for targeting cancers driven by viral infections. Herein, we provide an overview of risk factors associated with increased cancer incidence in people living with HIV (PLWH) as well as other chronic viral infections, and contributing factors such as aging, toxicity from ART, coinfections, and comorbidities. Furthermore, we highlight both antibody- and cell-based strategies directed against virus-induced cancers while also emphasizing approaches aimed at discovering cures or achieving complete remission for affected individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13010014","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T04:44:40Z","timestamp":1703220280000},"page":"14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Antibody and Cell-Based Therapies against Virus-Induced Cancers in the Context of HIV\/AIDS"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Julie","family":"Joseph","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace","family":"Sandel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ratuja","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reem","family":"Alatrash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health Institute, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2438-6716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bobby Brooke","family":"Herrera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Health Institute, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, Division of Allergy, Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Child Health Institute of New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8057-7835","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pooja","family":"Jain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1764","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM200106073442306","article-title":"AIDS\u2014The first 20 years","volume":"344","author":"Sepkowitz","year":"2001","journal-title":"N. 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