{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T14:31:35Z","timestamp":1778164295544,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1706745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, University of California","award":["202085\/2017-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202085\/2017-1"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico, Brazil","award":["202085\/2017-1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202085\/2017-1"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is the most frequent form of primary hypogammaglobulinemia in adults. In addition to recurrent infections and respiratory manifestations, CVID patients may present several non-infection complications such as autoimmune diseases. The mechanisms that lead to immune dysregulation in CVID are not completely understood. Given the role of IgD on na\u00efve B cells in the maintenance of tolerance and secreted IgD in the respiratory mucosa, we evaluated the frequency of IgD+ na\u00efve and IgD+ memory B cells in CVID patients. Here, no differences were observed in the percentages and proliferative responses of anergic IgD+IgM\u2212CD27\u2212 B cells between CVID patients, with or without autoimmune disease, and the control group. Interestingly, in the compartment of memory B cells, the percentage of IgD+IgM\u2212 cells was higher only in CVID patients with allergic rhinitis\/allergic asthma. Our results may indicate that anergic IgD+IgM\u2212CD27\u2212 B cells may not be compromised in our CVID cohort. However, IgD+IgM\u2212 memory B cells may play a role in the immunopathogenesis of allergic rhinitis\/allergic asthma in CVID patients. Further studies are needed to better understand the participation of IgD+IgM\u2212 memory B cells in the immunopathogenesis of allergic rhinitis\/allergic asthma in CVID patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13020136","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]],"date-time":"2024-02-01T08:44:08Z","timestamp":1706777048000},"page":"136","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["IgD+IgM\u2212 B Cells in Common Variable Immunodeficiency"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Taissa de M.","family":"Kasahara","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-853, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7422-1453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sudhir","family":"Gupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/s10875-020-00758-x","article-title":"Human Inborn Errors of Immunity: 2019 Update of the IUIS Phenotypical Classification","volume":"40","author":"Bousfiha","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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