{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T15:51:21Z","timestamp":1789055481598,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1709251200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)","award":["CWU 2090-32000-037-00D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CWU 2090-32000-037-00D"]}]},{"name":"U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA)","award":["DE-SC0014664"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE-SC0014664"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006229","name":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CWU 2090-32000-037-00D"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CWU 2090-32000-037-00D"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006229","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006229","name":"Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DE-SC0014664"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE-SC0014664"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006229","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) and bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) are gamma herpesviruses that belong to the genera Macavirus and Rhadinovirus, respectively. As with all herpesviruses, both OvHV-2 and BoHV-4 express glycoprotein B (gB), which plays an essential role in the infection of host cells. In that context, it has been demonstrated that a BoHV-4 gB-null mutant is unable to infect host cells. In this study, we used homologous recombination to insert OvHV-2 ORF 8, encoding gB, into the BoHV-4 gB-null mutant genome, creating a chimeric BoHV-4 virus carrying and expressing OvHV-2 gB (BoHV-4\u2206gB\/OvHV-2-gB) that was infectious and able to replicate in vitro. We then evaluated BoHV-4\u2206gB\/OvHV-2-gB as a potential vaccine candidate for sheep-associated malignant catarrhal fever (SA-MCF), a fatal disease of ungulates caused by OvHV-2. Using rabbits as a laboratory model for MCF, we assessed the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of BoHV-4\u2206gB\/OvHV-2-gB in an immunization\/challenge trial. The results showed that while BoHV-4\u2206gB\/OvHV-2-gB was safe and induced OvHV-2 gB-specific humoral immune responses, immunization conferred only 28.5% protection upon challenge with OvHV-2. Therefore, future studies should focus on alternative strategies to express OvHV-2 proteins to develop an effective vaccine against SA-MCF.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13030219","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]],"date-time":"2024-03-01T03:31:23Z","timestamp":1709263883000},"page":"219","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Ovine Herpesvirus 2 Glycoprotein B Complementation Restores Infectivity to a Bovine Herpesvirus 4 gB-Null Mutant"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3760-6757","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela D.","family":"Mor\u00e9","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine N.","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9212-9175","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Smriti","family":"Shringi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Reginaldo G.","family":"Bastos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5174-8487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Donal","family":"O\u2019Toole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82070, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gaetano","family":"Donofrio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical-Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8168-5448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina W.","family":"Cunha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Disease Research Unit, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"},{"name":"Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Pathology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"52","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.02.014","article-title":"Herpesvirus systematics","volume":"143","author":"Davison","year":"2010","journal-title":"Vet. 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