{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T17:24:54Z","timestamp":1773854694235,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1712707200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"SIP-IPN","award":["SIP20151797"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP20151797"]}]},{"name":"SIP-IPN","award":["SIP20161585"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP20161585"]}]},{"name":"SIP-IPN","award":["356583"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["356583"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SIP20151797"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP20151797"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["SIP20161585"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SIP20161585"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["356583"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["356583"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In pathogen recognition, the nucleotide-binding domain (NBD) and leucine rich repeat receptors (NLRs) have noteworthy functions in the activation of the innate immune response. These receptors respond to several viral infections, among them NOD2, a very dynamic NLR, whose role in dengue virus (DENV) infection remains unclear. This research aimed to determine the role of human NOD2 in THP-1 macrophage-like cells during DENV-2 infection. NOD2 levels in DENV-2 infected THP-1 macrophage-like cells was evaluated by RT-PCR and Western blot, and an increase was observed at both mRNA and protein levels. We observed using confocal microscopy and co-immunoprecipitation assays that NOD2 interacts with the effector protein MAVS (mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein), an adaptor protein promoting antiviral activity, this occurring mainly at 12 h into the infection. After silencing NOD2, we detected increased viral loads of DENV-2 and lower levels of IFN-\u03b1 in supernatants from THP-1 macrophage-like cells with NOD2 knock-down and further infected with DENV-2, compared with mock-control or cells transfected with Scramble-siRNA. Thus, NOD2 is activated in response to DENV-2 in THP-1 macrophage-like cells and participates in IFN-\u03b1 production, in addition to limiting virus replication at the examined time points.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13040306","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]],"date-time":"2024-04-10T03:07:48Z","timestamp":1712718468000},"page":"306","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["NOD2 Responds to Dengue Virus Type 2 Infection in Macrophage-like Cells Interacting with MAVS Adaptor and Affecting IFN-\u03b1 Production and Virus Titers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0871-1651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Diana Alhel\u00ed","family":"Dom\u00ednguez-Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunolog\u00eda Celular e Inmunopatog\u00e9nesis, Departamento de Inmunolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico CP 11340, Mexico"},{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Virolog\u00eda y C\u00e1ncer, Hospital Infantil de M\u00e9xico Federico G\u00f3mez, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico CP 06720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mayra Silvia","family":"P\u00e9rez-Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Nacional de Vacunolog\u00eda y Virus Tropicales (LNVyVT), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico CP 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"N\u00fa\u00f1ez-Avellaneda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Direcci\u00f3n Adjunta de Desarrollo Tecnol\u00f3gico, Vinculaci\u00f3n e Innovaci\u00f3n, Consejo Nacional de Humanidades Ciencias y Tecnolog\u00edas, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico CP 03940, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jes\u00fas M.","family":"Torres-Flores","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Nacional de Vacunolog\u00eda y Virus Tropicales (LNVyVT), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico CP 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gloria","family":"Le\u00f3n-Avila","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Gen\u00e9tica, Departamento de Zoolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico CP 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6610-5559","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Blanca Estela","family":"Garc\u00eda-P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Microbiolog\u00eda General, Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda, Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas, Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico CP 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2490-8462","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ma Isabel","family":"Salazar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio Nacional de Vacunolog\u00eda y Virus Tropicales (LNVyVT), Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biol\u00f3gicas Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico CP 11340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"504","DOI":"10.1038\/nature12060","article-title":"The Global Distribution and Burden of Dengue","volume":"496","author":"Bhatt","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"45","article-title":"Dengue Virus Virulence and Transmission Determinants","volume":"338","year":"2010","journal-title":"Curr. 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