{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,22]],"date-time":"2026-06-22T23:51:22Z","timestamp":1782172282153,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]],"date-time":"2024-04-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1713225600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007801","name":"Proyecto financiado por la Comunidad Aut\u00f3noma de la Regi\u00f3n de Murcia a trav\u00e9s de la convocatoria de Ayudas a proyectos para el desarrollo de investigaci\u00f3n cient\u00edfica y t\u00e9cnica por grupos competitivos, incluida en el Programa Regional de Fomento de la Investigaci\u00f3n Cient\u00edfica y T\u00e9cnica (Plan de Actuaci\u00f3n 2022) de la Fundaci\u00f3n S\u00e9neca-Agencia de Ciencia y Tecnolog\u00eda de la Regi\u00f3n de Murcia (Spain)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22034\/PI\/22"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22034\/PI\/22"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007801","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mycoplasma bovis (M. bovis) is one of the worldwide most important infectious agents involved in respiratory complex diseases (RCD). In Spain, the endemic presence of subtypes ST-2 and ST-3 with phenotypic differences linked to their susceptibility to fluoroquinolones opened the way to develop control strategies focused on previous diagnosis of the subtype and the use of directed therapies when M. bovis were involved in RCD. Surprisingly, microbiological studies conducted during 2023 evidenced for the first time the presence of Spanish isolates of a new polC-subtype, previously classified as ST-1, recovered from calves with respiratory symptoms and pneumonia in different areas of the country (n = 16). Curiously, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to a panel of antimicrobials revealed phenotypic differences between these ST-1 isolates when using fluoroquinolones (FLQ). There is no geographical correlation between MIC profiles even for a set of 8 isolates recovered from different animals in the same flock. Sequencing of 4 genes (gyrA, gyrB, parC and parE) encoding quinolone resistance-determining regions (QRDR) evidenced the presence of accumulate mutations in 2 ST-1 isolates with high FLQ MICs, but not in all them (n = 3), thus suggesting that, as previously recorded for ST-2 isolates, other mechanisms should be involved in the acquisition of resistence to these antimicrobials. Additionally, as previously detected in the Spanish ST-2 and ST-3, subtype ST-1 isolates are also resistant to macrolides or lincosamides.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13040329","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,17]],"date-time":"2024-04-17T08:22:44Z","timestamp":1713342164000},"page":"329","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["A Set of Multiresistant Isolates of Mycoplasma bovis Subtype ST-1 with a Variable Susceptibility to Quinolones Are Also Circulating in Spain"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Corrales","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruminant Health Research Group, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1868-3829","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruminant Health Research Group, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"X\u00f3chitl","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruminant Health Research Group, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joaqu\u00edn","family":"Amores-Iniesta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruminant Health Research Group, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f3n","family":"Esnal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Anal\u00edtica Veterinaria, 48100 Mung\u00eda, Vasque Country, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4354-1689","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"de la Fe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ruminant Health Research Group, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105841","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2022.105841","article-title":"Dynamics of Mycoplasma bovis in Dutch dairy herds during acute clinical outbreaks","volume":"283\u2013284","author":"Penterman","year":"2022","journal-title":"Vet. 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