{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T22:45:54Z","timestamp":1792190754666,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]],"date-time":"2024-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717632000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Congenital syphilis presents a significant global burden, contributing to fetal loss, stillbirth, neonatal mortality, and congenital infection. Despite the target established in 2007 by the World Health Organization (WHO) of fewer than 50 cases per 100,000 live births, the global incidence is on the rise, particularly in low- and middle-income regions. Recent data indicate a rate of 473 cases per 100,000 live births, resulting in 661,000 total cases of congenital syphilis, including 355,000 adverse birth outcomes such as early fetal deaths, stillbirths, neonatal deaths, preterm or low-birth-weight births, and infants with clinical congenital syphilis. Alarmingly, only 6% of these adverse outcomes occurred in mothers who were enrolled, screened, and treated. Unlike many neonatal infections, congenital syphilis is preventable through effective antenatal screening and treatment of infected pregnant women. However, despite available screening tools, affordable treatment options, and the integration of prevention programs into antenatal care in various countries, congenital syphilis remains a pressing public health concern worldwide. This review aims to summarize the current epidemiology, transmission, and treatment of syphilis in pregnancy, as well as to explore global efforts to reduce vertical transmission and address the reasons for falling short of the WHO elimination target.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13060481","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]],"date-time":"2024-06-06T03:44:35Z","timestamp":1717645475000},"page":"481","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Congenital Syphilis: A Re-Emerging but Preventable Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6014-9374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Serena","family":"Salom\u00e8","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Donata","family":"Cambriglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giovanna","family":"Montesano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Letizia","family":"Capasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Raimondi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Neonatology, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"117","DOI":"10.1136\/archdischild-2020-318841","article-title":"Stop, think SCORTCH: Rethinking the traditional \u2018TORCH\u2019 screen in an era of re-emerging syphilis","volume":"106","author":"Penner","year":"2021","journal-title":"Arch. 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