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In this study using qPCR and whole genomic sewage surveillance, we detected the Mpox virus along with other viruses, in municipal and hospital wastewaters in Belo Horizonte, Brazil over a 9-month period (from July 2022 until March 2023). MPXV DNA detection rates varied in our study, with 19.6% (11 out of 56 samples) detected through the hybrid capture method of whole-genome sequencing and 20% (12 out of 60 samples) through qPCR. In hospital wastewaters, the detection rate was higher, at 40% (12 out of 30 samples) compared to 13.3% (4 out of 30 samples) in municipal wastewaters. This variation could be attributed to the relatively low number of MPXV cases reported in the city, which ranged from 106 to 341 cases during the study period, and the dilution effects, given that each of the two wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) investigated serves approximately 1.1 million inhabitants. Additionally, nine other virus families were identified in both hospitals and municipal wastewaters, including Adenoviridade, Astroviridae, Caliciviridae, Picornaviridade, Polyomaviridae, Coronaviridae (which includes SARS-CoV-2), Herspesviridae, Papillomaviridae and Flaviviridae (notably including Dengue). These findings underscore the potential of genomic sewage surveillance as a robust public health tool for monitoring a wide range of viruses circulating in both community and hospitals environments, including MPXV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13070589","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]],"date-time":"2024-07-16T11:31:57Z","timestamp":1721129517000},"page":"589","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["Detection of Multiple Human Viruses, including Mpox, Using a Wastewater Surveillance Approach in Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5497-8675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juliana","family":"Calabria de Araujo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais\u2014UFMG, Belo Horizonte 31270901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Paula Assad","family":"Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais\u2014UFMG, Belo Horizonte 31270901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cintia D.","family":"Leal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sanitary and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais\u2014UFMG, Belo Horizonte 31270901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-9521-0900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuelle","family":"Natividade","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0918-6505","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcus","family":"Borin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Augusto","family":"Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Social Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nat\u00e1lia","family":"Carobin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Toxicological Analysis Department, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriano","family":"Sabino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical and Toxicological Analysis Department, College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 31270901, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mariana","family":"Almada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Federal de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o Tecnol\u00f3gica\u2014CEFET-MG, Belo Horizonte 30421169, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Cristina M.","family":"Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Federal de Educa\u00e7\u00e3o Tecnol\u00f3gica\u2014CEFET-MG, Belo Horizonte 30421169, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9199-077X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Flavia","family":"Saia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Marine Sciences, Marine Institute, Universidade Federal de S\u00e3o Paulo\u2014UNIFESP, Baixada Santista 11070100, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Livia V.","family":"Frutuoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"General Coordination of Arbovirus Surveillance, Department of Health and Environmental Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Bras\u00edlia 70304000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3629-8529","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe C. M.","family":"Iani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Public Health Laboratory, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte 30510010, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Talita","family":"Adelino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Public Health Laboratory, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte 30510010, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5521-6448","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vagner","family":"Fonseca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coordination of Surveillance, Emergency Preparedness and Response (PHE), Pan American Health Organization\/World Health Organization (PAHO\/WHO), Pan-Americana da Sa\u00fade\/Organiza\u00e7\u00e3o Mundial da Sa\u00fade (OPAS\/OMS), Brasilia 70312970, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5849-7326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Giovanetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Development and One Health, Universita Campus Bio-Medico di, 00128 Roma, Italy"},{"name":"Ren\u00e9 Rachou Institute, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte 30190001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6769-9931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luiz Carlos Junior","family":"Alcantara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ren\u00e9 Rachou Institute, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte 30190001, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Saied, A.A., Dhawan, M., Metwally, A.A., Fahrni, M.L., Choudhary, P., and Choudhary, O.P. 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