{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T14:21:53Z","timestamp":1792074113132,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":86,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Busan Techno Park"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The most common antibiotic-resistant bacteria in Korea are methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE). Pathogen identification in clinical laboratories can be divided into traditional phenotype- and genotype-based methods, both of which are complementary to each other. The genotype-based method using multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a rapid and accurate technique that analyzes material at the genetic level by targeting genes simultaneously. Accordingly, we aimed to develop a rapid method for studying the genetic characteristics of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and to provide an experimental guide for the efficient antibiotic resistance gene analysis of mecA detection for MRSA and vanA or vanB detection for VRE using a one-step multiplex qPCR assay at an early stage of infection. As a result, the sensitivity and specificity of the mecA gene for clinical S. aureus isolates, including MRSA and methicillin-susceptible S. aureus, were 97.44% (95% CI, 86.82\u201399.87%) and 96.15% (95% CI, 87.02\u201399.32%), respectively. The receiver operating characteristic area under the curve for the diagnosis of MRSA was 0.9798 (*** p &lt; 0.0001). Therefore, the molecular diagnostic method using this newly developed one-step multiplex qPCR assay can provide accurate and rapid results for the treatment of patients with MRSA and VRE infections.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13100853","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T08:09:52Z","timestamp":1727683792000},"page":"853","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Development of a One-Step Multiplex qPCR Assay for Detection of Methicillin and Vancomycin Drug Resistance Genes in Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Jiyoung","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research & Development, DreamDX Inc., C001, 57, Oryundae-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eunyoung","family":"Baek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Research & Development, DreamDX Inc., C001, 57, Oryundae-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyesun","family":"Ahn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint & Arthritis Research Center, Himchan Hospital, 120, Sinmok-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07999, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6390-4961","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jinyoung","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nano-Bio Convergence Division, Korea Institute of Materials Science, 797 Changwondae-ro, Changwon 51508, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sangha","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Konyang University Hospital, 158, Gwanjeodong-ro, Seo-gu, Daejeon 35365, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sohyeong","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Next-Generation Industrial Field-Based Specialist Program for Molecular Diagnostics, Brain Busan 21 Plus Project, Graduate School, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suchan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Joint & Arthritis Research Center, Himchan Hospital, 120, Sinmok-ro, Yangcheon-gu, Seoul 07999, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2511-6555","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sunghyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Next-Generation Industrial Field-Based Specialist Program for Molecular Diagnostics, Brain Busan 21 Plus Project, Graduate School, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Antimicrobial Resistance Collaborators (2022). 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