{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T21:39:16Z","timestamp":1791409156018,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730160000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Livestock Mission, DAHD, Government of India","award":["16(E-21573)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["16(E-21573)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The bluetongue virus (BTV), transmitted by biting midges, poses a significant threat to livestock globally. This orbivirus induces bluetongue disease, leading to substantial economic losses in the agricultural sector. The current control measures have limitations, necessitating the development of novel, efficient vaccines. In this study, an immunoinformatics approach is employed to design a multi-epitope subunit vaccine for Ovis aries targeting six BTV serotypes. Focusing on the VP2 capsid protein, the vaccine incorporates B-cell, helper-T lymphocytes (HTL), and cytotoxic T-cell lymphocytes (CTL) epitopes. Molecular docking reveals stable interactions with TLR2 and TLR4 receptors, suggesting the stability of the complex, indicating the potential viability of the multi-epitope vaccine. The computational approach offers a rapid and tailored strategy for vaccine development, highlighting potential efficacy and safety against BTV outbreaks. This work contributes to understanding BTV and presents a promising avenue for effective control.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13110944","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]],"date-time":"2024-10-29T13:21:39Z","timestamp":1730208099000},"page":"944","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["In Silico Development of a Multi-Epitope Subunit Vaccine against Bluetongue Virus in Ovis aries Using Immunoinformatics"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Priyansha Raj","family":"Sinha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru 560100, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2861-4613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shubhada R.","family":"Hegde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru 560100, India"},{"name":"School of Biosciences, Chanakya University, Bengaluru 562110, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ruchika","family":"Mittal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Bioinformatics and Applied Biotechnology (IBAB), Bengaluru 560100, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chikkamagaluru Chandrashekhar","family":"Jagat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR\u2014National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ullas","family":"Gowda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR\u2014National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rathna","family":"Chandrashekhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR\u2014National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gayathri","family":"Muthaiah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR\u2014National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5911-7823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Samer","family":"Shamshad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR\u2014National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammed Mudassar","family":"Chanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR\u2014National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2117-1661","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vishweshwar","family":"Ganji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Biotechnology, CoVsc, PVNRTVU, Hyderabad 500030, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kalyani","family":"Putty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Biotechnology, CoVsc, PVNRTVU, Hyderabad 500030, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Divakar","family":"Hemadri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ICAR\u2014National Institute of Veterinary Epidemiology and Disease Informatics, Bengaluru 560064, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"001782","DOI":"10.1099\/jgv.0.001782","article-title":"ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Sedoreoviridae 2022","volume":"103","author":"Matthijnssens","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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