{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:00:53Z","timestamp":1787162453619,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732752000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The global burden of drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) continues to challenge healthcare systems worldwide. There is a critical need to tackle DR-TB by enhancing diagnostics and drug susceptibility testing (DST) capabilities, particularly for emerging DR-TB drugs. This endeavor is crucial to optimize the efficacy of new therapeutic regimens and prevent the resistance and overuse of these invaluable weapons. Despite this urgency, there remains a lack of comprehensive review of public health measures aimed at improving the diagnostics and DST capabilities. In this review, we outline strategies to enhance the capabilities, especially tailored to address the challenges posed by resistance to new DR-TB drugs. We discuss the current landscape of DR-TB drugs, existing diagnostic and susceptibility testing methods, and notable gaps and challenges in these methods and explore strategies for ensuring fair access to DST while narrowing these disparities. The strategies include public health interventions aimed at strengthening laboratory infrastructure, workforce training, and quality assurance programs, technology transfer initiatives, involving drug developers in the DST development, establishing national or regional referral hubs, fostering collaboration and resources pooling with other infection control efforts, extending testing access in underserved areas through public\u2013private partnerships, advocating for lowering costs or loans at low interest, remote technical support, and implementing mandatory molecular surveillance monitoring. This review underscores the urgent need to enhance DST capacities for new DR-TB drugs and identifies opportunities for innovation and improvement. Assessing the extent of the global health impact of these measures is crucial to ensure their effectiveness in combating DR-TB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13121045","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]],"date-time":"2024-11-28T08:15:54Z","timestamp":1732781754000},"page":"1045","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Strategies to Enhance Diagnostic Capabilities for the New Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (DR-TB) Drugs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Antonia Morita Iswari","family":"Saktiawati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55584, Indonesia"},{"name":"Center for Tropical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55584, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5336-7859","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anca","family":"Vasiliu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global TB Program, Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA"},{"name":"Clinical Infectious Diseases, Research Center Borstel, Leibniz Lung Center, 23845 Borstel, Germany"},{"name":"Clinical Tuberculosis Unit, German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Ham-burg-L\u00fcbeck-Borstel-Riems, 23845 Borstel, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesca","family":"Saluzzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5638-9260","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Onno W.","family":"Akkerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Tuberculosis Center Beatrixoord, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9751 ND Haren, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2023). 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