{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]],"date-time":"2026-04-01T22:23:25Z","timestamp":1775082205334,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]],"date-time":"2024-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","award":["1220160-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1220160-2"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs","award":["P0106_19_N2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P0106_19_N2"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014035","name":"Armed Forces Health Surveillance Branch (AFHSB) Global Emerging Ifigurenfections Surveillance (GEIS) program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1220160-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1220160-2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014035","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100014035","name":"Armed Forces Health Surveillance Branch (AFHSB) Global Emerging Ifigurenfections Surveillance (GEIS) program","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P0106_19_N2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P0106_19_N2"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100014035","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) causes neurological disease in humans, with varied clinical severity influenced by the viral subtype. TBEV is endemic to Mongolia, where both Siberian and Far-Eastern subtypes are present. Ixodes\u00a0persulcatus is considered the main vector of TBEV in Mongolia; although, the virus has also been detected in Dermacentor species. To further characterize the disease ecology of TBEV within the endemic Selenge province of Mongolia, 1300 Ixodes\u00a0persulcatus ticks were collected in May 2020 from regions outside Ulaanbaatar. Pooled tick samples (n = 20\u201350) were homogenized and the supernatant was inoculated into Vero cells. Two RT-PCR assays were conducted on the cell supernatant following an observed cytopathic effect: one for TBEV detection and the second for viral subtyping. Lysed cell cultures were processed for next-generation sequencing (NGS) using Illumina technology. TBEV was detected in 10.7% of tick pools (3\/28), and isolates were identified as the Siberian subtype. Phylogenetic analysis showed PQ479142 clustering within the Siberian subtype and sharing high similarity with published isolates collected in Selenge in 2012 from Ixodes\u00a0persulcatus. Subtype analysis of circulating TBEV isolates and sequencing analytics to track viral evolution in ticks are vital to continued understanding of the risk to local populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13121086","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]],"date-time":"2024-12-10T04:15:03Z","timestamp":1733804103000},"page":"1086","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Characterization of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus Isolates from Ixodes\u00a0persulcatus Ticks Collected During 2020 in Selenge, Mongolia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Bazartseren","family":"Boldbaatar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Mongolian University of Life Sciences, Ulaanbaatar 17029, Mongolia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nora G.","family":"Cleary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"},{"name":"Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0273-1128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia E.","family":"Paoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Dong-Wook","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Doniddemberel","family":"Altantogtokh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center for Zoonotic Diseases, Ulaanbaatar 17029, Mongolia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Graham A.","family":"Matulis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"},{"name":"Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noel","family":"Cote","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Medical Research Unit INDO PACIFIC (NAMRU-IP), Singapore 759657, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jodi","family":"Fiorenzano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Medical Research Unit INDO PACIFIC (NAMRU-IP), Singapore 759657, Singapore"},{"name":"Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Irina V.","family":"Etobayeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Medical Research Unit INDO PACIFIC (NAMRU-IP), Singapore 759657, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6737-2242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jung-Hoon","family":"Kwon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3819-5520","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Mavian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"},{"name":"Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20024, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrew G.","family":"Letizia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Naval Medical Research Unit INDO PACIFIC (NAMRU-IP), Singapore 759657, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2938-4549","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael E.","family":"von Fricken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Environmental and Global Health, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"},{"name":"Emerging Pathogens Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA"},{"name":"Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20024, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2015.05.006","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of tick-borne encephalitis virus from Ixodes persulcatus in Mongolia in 2012","volume":"6","author":"Muto","year":"2015","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"413","DOI":"10.1007\/s11262-012-0795-9","article-title":"Isolation, preliminary characterization, and full-genome analyses of tick-borne encephalitis virus from Mongolia","volume":"45","author":"Frey","year":"2012","journal-title":"Virus Genes"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pustijanac, E., Bur\u0161i\u0107, M., Talapko, J., \u0160krlec, I., Me\u0161trovi\u0107, T., and Li\u0161nji\u0107, D. 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