{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,16]],"date-time":"2026-01-16T18:27:08Z","timestamp":1768588028421,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]],"date-time":"2024-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733788800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian Ministry of Health"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Rift Valley Fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-borne virus with high pathogenic potential in ruminants and humans. Due to its high potential for spreading, it is considered a priority pathogen, and it is included in the Bluepoint list of the World Health Organization (WHO). Given the high pathogenic potential of the virus, it is crucial to develop a rapid heat-mediated inactivation protocol to create a safer working environment, particularly in medical facilities that lack a biosafety level 3 laboratory required for direct handling of RVFV. Our results reveal the broad tissue tropism of RVFV, showing the virus\u2019s capacity for replication in various cell lines. In terms of the thermal stability of RVFV, our findings showed that a 70 \u00b0C heat treatment did not fully inactivate the virus within 15 min. However, when exposed to 80 \u00b0C and 95 \u00b0C, the virus was completely inactivated after 15 min and 5 min, respectively. Additionally, our results indicated that heat-treatment only slightly decreased the integrity of the RVFV genome whether there is a high or low number of viral RNA copies. Overall, the study established a straightforward protocol for heat inactivation that may be beneficial in handling clinical and research samples of RVFV.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens13121089","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]],"date-time":"2024-12-10T11:17:20Z","timestamp":1733829440000},"page":"1089","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Heat Treatment as a Safe-Handling Procedure for Rift Valley Fever Virus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6666-0103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Anele","family":"Romeo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Disease \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani\u201d\u2014IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5277-3417","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eliana","family":"Specchiarello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Disease \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani\u201d\u2014IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cosmina","family":"Mija","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Disease \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani\u201d\u2014IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-8996-4803","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Verdiana","family":"Zulian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Disease \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani\u201d\u2014IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3133-9237","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Francalancia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Virology Unit, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Istituti Fisioterapici Ospedalieri (IFO), 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7489-5271","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Maggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Disease \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani\u201d\u2014IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2687-8642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna Rosa","family":"Garbuglia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Disease \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani\u201d\u2014IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniele","family":"Lapa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Virology, National Institute for Infectious Disease \u201cLazzaro Spallanzani\u201d\u2014IRCCS, 00149 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cll.2017.01.004","article-title":"Rift Valley Fever","volume":"37","author":"Hartman","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. 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