{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,30]],"date-time":"2026-10-30T02:49:42Z","timestamp":1793328582029,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":191,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1735603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["R01AI176670"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI176670"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R01 NS125778"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS125778"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["T32AI007526"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32AI007526"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["T35AI078878"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T35AI078878"]}]},{"name":"NIAID","award":["R01AI176670"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI176670"]}]},{"name":"NIAID","award":["R01 NS125778"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 NS125778"]}]},{"name":"NIAID","award":["T32AI007526"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32AI007526"]}]},{"name":"NIAID","award":["T35AI078878"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T35AI078878"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Flaviviruses, a group of single-stranded RNA viruses spread by mosquitoes or ticks, include several significant neurotropic viruses, such as West Nile virus (WNV), Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), and Zika virus (ZIKV). These viruses can cause a range of neurological diseases during acute infection, from mild, flu-like symptoms to severe and fatal encephalitis. A total of 20\u201350% of patients who recovered from acute flavivirus infections experienced long-term cognitive issues. Here, we discuss these major neurotropic flaviviruses-induced clinical diseases in humans and the recent findings in animal models and provide insights into the underlying disease mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14010022","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]],"date-time":"2024-12-31T07:51:57Z","timestamp":1735631517000},"page":"22","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Flaviviruses\u2014Induced Neurological Sequelae"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Samantha Gabrielle","family":"Cody","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Translational Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Awadalkareem","family":"Adam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"},{"name":"Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7576-2059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrei","family":"Siniavin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sam S.","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"},{"name":"Sealy Institute for Vaccine Sciences, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"},{"name":"Institute for Human Infections and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S11","DOI":"10.1016\/S0264-410X(02)00811-3","article-title":"Tick-borne encephalitis\u2013pathogenesis, clinical course and long-term follow-up","volume":"21","author":"Haglund","year":"2003","journal-title":"Vaccine"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.7404.1","article-title":"West Nile Virus Infection in the Central Nervous System","volume":"5","author":"Winkelmann","year":"2016","journal-title":"F1000Research"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Santos, R.I., Hermance, M.E., Gelman, B.B., and Thangamani, S. 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