{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,23]],"date-time":"2026-09-23T13:51:11Z","timestamp":1790171471702,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":115,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1736467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Cystic echinococcosis (CE) is a neglected tropical parasitic disease linked with significant social and economic burdens worldwide. The scientific community has minimal information on echinococcosis in Romanian people, and hospital medical records are the only sources that may be used to investigate its status. A 7-year retrospective clinical study on pediatric patients with CE from Southeast Romania was performed, and 39 children and adolescents were included, aged 2\u201315 years old. They were hospitalized with cystic echinococcosis in the Pediatric Department and Pediatric Surgery Department of Constanta County Clinical Emergency Hospital \u201cSt. Apostle Andrew\u201d between 1 January 2017 and 1 October 2024. Twenty-nine (74.36%) pediatric patients came from rural zones, and 10 (25.64%) had urban residences. In total, 28 children (71.79%) had contact with four different animals (dogs, goats, pigs, and sheep); only four were from urban zones, and they had contact only with dogs. Data regarding the length of hospital stay, cyst location, and complications were collected and analyzed. According to the medical files, the diagnosis was established using imaging techniques and serological tests for CE. IgE and IgG reported appreciable variations in correlation with all parameters, and significant differences (p &lt; 0.05) were recorded. IgE levels considerably increased in cases of no animal contact, pulmonary involvement, complications, surgical treatment, and multiple hospitalizations. Moderate IgE values were recorded in cases of urban residences, pig and sheep contact, and hepatic involvement. The IgG concentration considerably increased with sheep contact and moderately increased in cases of rural zones, hepatic involvement, complications, and surgical treatment. The results show that incidental discovery, symptoms, complications, multiple dissemination, pulmonary involvement, and dog and pig contact increase the hospitalization time. Extensive data analysis supports our results. Our findings highlight the complexity of managing E. granulosus infections in children and evidence the importance of a multidisciplinary approach, combining early diagnostic tools, tailored medical therapy, and careful surgical intervention when necessary.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14010053","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T09:24:42Z","timestamp":1736501082000},"page":"53","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["A Comprehensive Analysis of Echinococcus granulosus Infections in Children and Adolescents: Results of a 7-Year Retrospective Study and Literature Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8844-0593","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristina Maria","family":"Mihai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of General Medicine, \u201cOvidius\u201d University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania"},{"name":"Pediatrics, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8147-3632","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ancuta","family":"Lupu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4996-2484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatiana","family":"Chisnoiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of General Medicine, \u201cOvidius\u201d University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania"},{"name":"Pediatrics, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana Luminita","family":"Balasa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of General Medicine, \u201cOvidius\u201d University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania"},{"name":"Pediatrics, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ginel","family":"Baciu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, \u201cDun\u0103rea de Jos\u201d University of Galati, 800008 Galati, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2640-8795","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasile Valeriu","family":"Lupu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, \u201cGrigore T. Popa\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 700115 Iasi, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9696-5728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Violeta","family":"Popovici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Mountain Economics, \u201cCostin C. Kritescu\u201d National Institute of Economic Research (INCE-CEMONT), Romanian Academy, 725700 Vatra-Dornei, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0712-6314","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felicia","family":"Suciu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Analysis and Quality Control of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, \u201cOvidius\u201d University of Constanta, Str. C\u0103pitan Aviator Al. \u0218erb\u0103nescu, nr.6, Campus Corp C, 900470 Constanta, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florin-Daniel","family":"Enache","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of General Medicine, \u201cOvidius\u201d University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania"},{"name":"Pediatric Surgery, County Clinical Emergency Hospital of Constanta, 900591 Constanta, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4898-8938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simona Claudia","family":"Cambrea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of General Medicine, \u201cOvidius\u201d University of Constanta, 900470 Constanta, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramona Mihaela","family":"Stoicescu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, \u201cOvidius\u201d University of Constanta, Str. C\u0103pitan Aviator Al. \u0218erb\u0103nescu, nr.6, Campus Corp C, 900470 Constanta, Romania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e603","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(20)30038-3","article-title":"Epidemic Cystic and Alveolar Echinococcosis in Kyrgyzstan: An Analysis of National Surveillance Data","volume":"8","author":"Paternoster","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. Health"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Khan, A., Ahmed, H., Simsek, S., Afzal, M.S., and Cao, J. (2020). Spread of Cystic Echinococcosis in Pakistan Due to Stray Dogs and Livestock Slaughtering Habits: Research Priorities and Public Health Importance. Front. 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