{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,17]],"date-time":"2026-10-17T18:49:10Z","timestamp":1792262950729,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1737417600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnolog\u00edas (CONAHCYT)","award":["713914"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["713914"]}]},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Humanidades, Ciencias y Tecnolog\u00edas (CONAHCYT)","award":["CF-2023-I-2309"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CF-2023-I-2309"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"CONHACYT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["713914"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["713914"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003141","name":"CONHACYT","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CF-2023-I-2309"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CF-2023-I-2309"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003141","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study evaluated the effectiveness of Duddingtonia flagrans chlamydospores and an Artemisia cina hexane extract in reducing Haemonchus contortus fecal egg counts and larvae in periparturient ewes. This study involved five groups of four ewes: a control group, an ivermectin group, an A. cina oral extract group, a D. flagrans group, and a combined treatment group. Treatments began two weeks before delivery, with ivermectin administered 15 days before delivery. Fecal samples were collected every fifteen days to estimate parasite egg counts per gram of feces (EPG) and assess larvae reductions. The results showed very low EPG values for ivermectin and D. flagrans treatments (175 and 150, respectively). The control and combined treatment groups had EPG values rise to 3000 and 4100 by day 15. The EPG values for the A. cina group reached 850 and 533 in later samplings. Throughout the study, the D. flagrans and A. cina groups maintained low EPG values, with the highest recorded values being 50 and 0, respectively. All treatments significantly reduced the larvae in the fecal cultures: D. flagrans (97.4% reduction), ivermectin (91.4%), Artemisia cina (89.9%), and the combined treatment (84.3%).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14020105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]],"date-time":"2025-01-21T04:19:51Z","timestamp":1737433191000},"page":"105","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Using an Aqueous Suspension of Duddingtonia flagrans Chlamydospores and a Hexane Extract of Artemisia cina as Sustainable Methods to Reduce the Fecal Egg Count and Larvae of Haemonchus contortus in the Feces of Periparturient Ewes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9262-3111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e9ctor Alejandro","family":"de la Cr\u00faz-Cr\u00faz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Helminthology, National Centre for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Innocuity (CENID-SAI), National Institute for Research in Forestry, Agriculture, and Livestock, INIFAP-SADER, Jiutepec 62550, Mexico"},{"name":"Laboratory 3, Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Superior Studies Faculty at Cuautitl\u00e1n, National Autonomous University of Mexico (FESC-UNAM), Cuautitl\u00e1n Izcalli 54714, Mexico"},{"name":"Master\u2019s and Doctorate Program in Health Sciences and Animal Production, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9231-1556","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosa Isabel","family":"Higuera-Piedrahita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory 3, Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Superior Studies Faculty at Cuautitl\u00e1n, National Autonomous University of Mexico (FESC-UNAM), Cuautitl\u00e1n Izcalli 54714, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2233-5958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alejandro","family":"Zamilpa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern Biomedical Research Center, Mexican Social Security Institute (CIBIS-IMSS), Argentina 1, Col. Centro, Xochitepec 62790, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7809-392X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yazm\u00edn","family":"Alcal\u00e1-Canto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Zootechnics, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7620-7126","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Yuridia","family":"Ocampo-Guti\u00e9rrez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Helminthology, National Centre for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Innocuity (CENID-SAI), National Institute for Research in Forestry, Agriculture, and Livestock, INIFAP-SADER, Jiutepec 62550, Mexico"},{"name":"Laboratory 3, Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Superior Studies Faculty at Cuautitl\u00e1n, National Autonomous University of Mexico (FESC-UNAM), Cuautitl\u00e1n Izcalli 54714, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7871-1000","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis David","family":"Arango-de la Pava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory 3, Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Superior Studies Faculty at Cuautitl\u00e1n, National Autonomous University of Mexico (FESC-UNAM), Cuautitl\u00e1n Izcalli 54714, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8688-4411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Eugenia","family":"L\u00f3pez-Arellano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Helminthology, National Centre for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Innocuity (CENID-SAI), National Institute for Research in Forestry, Agriculture, and Livestock, INIFAP-SADER, Jiutepec 62550, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9419-2669","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Hernandez-Patlan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory 5: LEDEFAR, Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Superior Studies Faculty at Cuautitl\u00e1n, National Autonomous University of Mexico (FESC-UNAM), Cuautitl\u00e1n Izcalli 54714, Mexico"},{"name":"Nanotechnology Engineering Division, Polytechnic University of the Valley of Mexico, Tultitl\u00e1n 54910, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4657-0159","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge Alfredo","family":"Cu\u00e9llar-Ordaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory 3, Multidisciplinary Research Unit, Superior Studies Faculty at Cuautitl\u00e1n, National Autonomous University of Mexico (FESC-UNAM), Cuautitl\u00e1n Izcalli 54714, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9595-3573","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pedro","family":"Mendoza-de Gives","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Helminthology, National Centre for Disciplinary Research in Animal Health and Innocuity (CENID-SAI), National Institute for Research in Forestry, Agriculture, and Livestock, INIFAP-SADER, Jiutepec 62550, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arsenopoulos, K.V., Fthenakis, G.C., Katsarou, E.I., and Papadopoulos, E. 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