{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T22:46:00Z","timestamp":1782859560390,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1745452800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF)","award":["RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00001"]}]},{"name":"Recovery and Resilience Facility (RRF)","award":["RRF-2.3.1-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RRF-2.3.1-21"]}]},{"name":"National Recovery Fund budget estimate","award":["RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RRF-2.3.1-21-2022-00001"]}]},{"name":"National Recovery Fund budget estimate","award":["RRF-2.3.1-21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RRF-2.3.1-21"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Bacteriological examination of uterine secretions provides essential information for the prevalence of bovine uterine pathogens and their influence on fertility. The objective of the present study was to determine the uterine pathogens in cases of clinical endometritis in two Holstein-Friesian dairy farms between 21 and 27 days after calving and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 14 antimicrobials for Trueperella pyogenes (T. pyogenes). Overall, the prevalence of T. pyogenes (Farms A and B) was 46.3% and 22% (p &lt; 0.01), respectively. In contrast, Farm B had significantly more cases (p &lt; 0.001) of Escherichia coli, but the distribution of uterine pathogens was similar. Regarding the prevalence of any bacteria, Farm B also had significantly more bacteria (p &lt; 0.001) than Farm A. T. pyogenes isolates were highly susceptible to amoxicillin, amoxicillin\/clavulanic acid, tylosin, and cephalosporins, such as ceftiofur, cefquinome, and cephalexin with MIC90 of \u22642 \u03bcg\/mL. At the same time, MIC90 of tulathromycin, lincomycin, and florfenicol were between 4 and 8 \u03bcg\/mL and of doxycycline, enrofloxacin, oxytetracycline, and gentamicin, were between 16 and 32 \u03bcg\/mL, respectively. Meanwhile, sulfamethoxazole\/trimethoprim showed the highest MIC90 (&gt;32 \u03bcg\/mL). In summary, T. pyogenes with high MIC90 against oxytetracycline, gentamicin, and sulfamethoxazole\/trimethoprim were found, which calls attention to the prudent use of antibiotics.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14050405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]],"date-time":"2025-04-24T04:04:50Z","timestamp":1745467490000},"page":"405","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Determination of Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations of Selected Antibiotics Against Trueperella pyogenes Originated from Bovine Clinical Endometritis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3248-173X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ott\u00f3","family":"Szenci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Food Animal Medicine Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, H-2225 \u00dcll\u0151, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3380-0827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1kos","family":"Jerzsele","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Istv\u00e1n utca 2, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n utca 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zolt\u00e1n","family":"Somogyi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Istv\u00e1n utca 2, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n utca 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7837-2459","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c1d\u00e1m","family":"Kerek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Istv\u00e1n utca 2, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"National Laboratory of Infectious Animal Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance, Veterinary Public Health and Food Chain Safety, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Istv\u00e1n utca 2, H-1078 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Attila","family":"R\u00e9p\u00e1si","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pataki Veterinary Ltd., Arany J. \u00fat 40, H-3944 S\u00e1rospatak, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3414-7716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lea","family":"L\u00e9n\u00e1rt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Food Animal Medicine Clinic, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, H-2225 \u00dcll\u0151, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7273-9133","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"L\u00e1szl\u00f3","family":"Makrai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Autovakcina Ltd., Szabads\u00e1g sug\u00e1r\u00fat 57, H-1171 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,4,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1025","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.109.077370","article-title":"Defining postpartum uterine disease and the mechanisms of infection and immunity in the female reproductive tract in cattle","volume":"81","author":"Sheldon","year":"2009","journal-title":"Biol. 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