{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T05:46:24Z","timestamp":1785390384533,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]],"date-time":"2025-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1746057600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100011749","name":"Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Ecuador","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["QINV0340-IINV502000000"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["QINV0340-IINV502000000"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100011749","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Arboviruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti pose a significant challenge in Ecuador, as they are persistent, emerging, and re-emerging. During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, these diseases were temporarily overshadowed. This study aimed to detect and identify arbovirus species in mosquitoes collected from two communities in Manab\u00ed province\u2014Caja Fuego (rural) and San Gregorio (marginal urban). A total of 468 mosquitoes were collected\u2014385 from Caja Fuego and 83 from San Gregorio\u2014and grouped into 72 pools. Samples were transported to CISeAL under proper biosafety protocols, homogenized, and analyzed using End-Point PCR, RT-PCR, and Sanger sequencing. The results revealed the presence of Flaviviruses and Alphaviruses. Of the 22 Flavivirus pools tested, 18 were positive, with PCR analysis specifically identifying dengue and Zika. Although no arbovirus was identified via RT-PCR, Sanger sequencing detected two Zika-positive samples. Notably, no official Zika cases were reported in 2023, suggesting a potential undetected risk of infection in human populations of Caja Fuego and San Gregorio. This study recommends the implementation of a surveillance campaign in collaboration with the Ecuadorian Ministry of Public Health to mitigate the risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14050446","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,2]],"date-time":"2025-05-02T07:44:58Z","timestamp":1746171898000},"page":"446","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Arbovirus Detection in Aedes aegypti Mosquitoes in Manab\u00ed, Ecuador"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Alvaro","family":"Wilca-Cepeda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n para la Salud en Am\u00e9rica Latina, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Ecuador, Quito 170530, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"L\u00f3pez-Rosero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n para la Salud en Am\u00e9rica Latina, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Ecuador, Quito 170530, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2857-3922","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cesar A.","family":"Yumiseva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n para la Salud en Am\u00e9rica Latina, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Ecuador, Quito 170530, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1964-1425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mario J.","family":"Grijalva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n para la Salud en Am\u00e9rica Latina, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Ecuador, Quito 170530, Ecuador"},{"name":"Infectious and Tropical Disease Institute, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH 45701, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4537-3532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anita G.","family":"Villac\u00eds","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n para la Salud en Am\u00e9rica Latina, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Pontificia Universidad Cat\u00f3lica del Ecuador, Quito 170530, Ecuador"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"259382","DOI":"10.1155\/2014\/259382","article-title":"Structural differences observed in arboviruses of the alphavirus and flavivirus genera","volume":"2014","author":"Hernandez","year":"2014","journal-title":"Adv. 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