{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,12]],"date-time":"2026-01-12T22:36:08Z","timestamp":1768257368413,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750377600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Amebiasis is a rare condition in industrialised countries but is epidemiologically growing. Clinical manifestations may range from asymptomatic to invasive disease. An amebic abscess can be the result of extraintestinal amebiasis, and it is associated with relatively high morbidity and mortality. We present three indigenous cases of amoebic liver abscesses observed within a few weeks (October\u2013November 2023) in patients living in a small area near Lucca in Tuscany, Central Italy. Fever accompanied by abdominal pain and liver abscess was observed in all three patients, and one of them presented necrotising colitis and pleural effusion, too. The parasitological diagnosis was performed by microscopy and confirmed with real-time PCR in liver abscess drainage fluid and stools.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14070609","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]],"date-time":"2025-06-20T03:05:27Z","timestamp":1750388727000},"page":"609","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Three Autochthonous Cases of Amoebic Liver Abscess Clustered in a Small Village of Tuscany (Central Italy), a Non-Endemic Area"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Giuseppantonio","family":"Maisetta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Moneta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Disease and Hepatology Unit, San Luca Hospital, 55100 Lucca, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6562-0321","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benedetta","family":"Tuvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0735-726X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cesira","family":"Giordano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola Alessandra","family":"Petrocelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinic Analysis Laboratory, San Luca Hospital, 55100 Lucca, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Tincani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniela","family":"Campani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical, Medical, Biochemical Pathology and Intensive Care, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7933-8941","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Ghinolfi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Hepatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Falcone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8701-3290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Bruschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"},{"name":"Programma Monitoraggio delle Parassitosi e F.A.D., Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6975-8114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonella","family":"Lupetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine and Surgery, Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria Pisana, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Entamoeba hystolytica and other pathogenic intestinal amoeba. Frontiers in Parasitology","volume":"Volume II","author":"Bruschi","year":"2017","journal-title":"Waterborne Protozoa in Humans"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mor\u00e1n, P., Serrano-V\u00e1zquez, A., Rojas-Vel\u00e1zquez, L., Gonz\u00e1lez, E., P\u00e9rez-Ju\u00e1rez, H., Hern\u00e1ndez, E.G., Padilla, M.L.A., Zaragoza, M.E., Portillo-Bobadilla, T., and Ramiro, M. (2023). Amoebiasis: Advances in Diagnosis, Treatment, Immunology Features and the Interaction with the Intestinal Ecosystem. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 24.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms241411755"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1134","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2022.08.013","article-title":"Updates on the worldwide burden of amoebiasis: A case series and literature review","volume":"15","author":"Nasrallah","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Infect. 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BMC Gastroenterol., 20.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12876-020-01440-7"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1007\/s40121-024-00934-1","article-title":"Amoebic Liver Abscess: Potential Application of New Diagnostic Techniques for an Old Pathogen","volume":"13","author":"Portunato","year":"2024","journal-title":"Infect. Dis. Ther."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"464","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jiph.2023.12.027","article-title":"Amoebic colitis and liver abscess: A rare case of autochthonous invasive infection due to Entamoeba histolytica","volume":"17","author":"Villanacci","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Infect. Public Health"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nmni.2017.05.002","article-title":"Enteric multiplex PCR panels: A new diagnostic tool for amoebic liver abscess?","volume":"18","author":"Weitzel","year":"2017","journal-title":"New Microbes New Infect."}],"container-title":["Pathogens"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-0817\/14\/7\/609\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T17:55:23Z","timestamp":1760032523000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2076-0817\/14\/7\/609"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7]]}},"alternative-id":["pathogens14070609"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/pathogens14070609","relation":{},"ISSN":["2076-0817"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2076-0817","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,20]]}}}