{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T15:07:51Z","timestamp":1780499271255,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":77,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]],"date-time":"2025-07-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1752624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Clostridium sordellii, which has recently been reclassified as Paeniclostridium sordellii and subsequently as Paraclostridium sordellii, is a rare human pathogen linked to infections of high morbidity and mortality, often presenting as fulminant toxic shock syndrome. Although most documented cases involve individuals with pre-existing health issues, such as immunosuppression and cancer, or those who have undergone specific gynecological procedures, there are few instances reported in otherwise healthy individuals. In this report, we present a case of fatality associated with P. sordellii infection in a young individual with a history of drug abuse, following post-mortem examinations. Additionally, we provide an updated review of the latest literature on this topic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14070703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]],"date-time":"2025-07-16T10:46:05Z","timestamp":1752662765000},"page":"703","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Fatal Paraclostridium sordellii Infection: Post-Mortem Assessment and Review of the Literature"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Martina","family":"Focardi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Medical Sciences, Department of Health Science, University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Simone","family":"Faccioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Medical Sciences, Department of Health Science, University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9392-9729","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beatrice","family":"Defraia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Medical Sciences, Department of Health Science, University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rossella","family":"Grifoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Medical Sciences, Department of Health Science, University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5407-2160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilenia","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Medical Sciences, Department of Health Science, University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9256-4326","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fabio","family":"Vaiano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Medical Sciences, Department of Health Science, University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luca","family":"Novelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathological Anatomy Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nunziata","family":"Ciccone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9907-9078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emanuele","family":"Capasso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Advanced Biomedical Sciences\u2014Legal Medicine Section, University of Naples \u201cFederico II\u201d, 80100 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5114-1602","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Malentacchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6124-3298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vilma","family":"Pinchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Forensic Medical Sciences, Department of Health Science, University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gian Maria","family":"Rossolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology and Virology Unit, Careggi University Hospital, 50100 Florence, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Florence, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1268","DOI":"10.1099\/ijsem.0.000874","article-title":"Paraclostridium benzoelyticum gen. nov., sp. nov., isolated from marine sediment and reclassification of Clostridium bifermentans as Paraclostridium bifermentans comb. nov. 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