{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:41:59Z","timestamp":1791582119470,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,31]],"date-time":"2025-07-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1753920000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico\u2014CNPq","award":["443215\/2019-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["443215\/2019-7"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico\u2014CNPq","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico\u2014CNPq","award":["073.6762.2020.0006539\u201371"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["073.6762.2020.0006539\u201371"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2014CAPES","award":["443215\/2019-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["443215\/2019-7"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2014CAPES","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o de Aperfei\u00e7oamento de Pessoal de N\u00edvel Superior\u2014CAPES","award":["073.6762.2020.0006539\u201371"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["073.6762.2020.0006539\u201371"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020648","name":"Santa Cruz State University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["443215\/2019-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["443215\/2019-7"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020648","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020648","name":"Santa Cruz State University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020648","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020648","name":"Santa Cruz State University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["073.6762.2020.0006539\u201371"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["073.6762.2020.0006539\u201371"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020648","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In Brazil, Plasmodium infections in non-human primates (NHPs) have been associated with P. simium and P. brasilianum, which are morphologically and genetically similar to the human-infecting species P. vivax and P. malariae, respectively. Surveillance and monitoring of wild NHPs are crucial for understanding the distribution of these parasites and assessing the risk of zoonotic transmission. This study aimed to detect the presence of Plasmodium spp. genetic material in Platyrrhini primates from 47 municipalities in the states of Bahia and Minas Gerais. The animals were captured using Tomahawk-type live traps baited with fruit or immobilized with tranquilizer darts. Free-ranging individuals were chemically restrained via inhalation anesthesia using VetBag\u00ae or intramuscular anesthesia injection. Blood samples were collected from the femoral vein. A total of 298 blood and tissue samples were collected from 10 primate species across five genera: Alouatta caraya (25), Alouatta guariba clamitans (1), Callicebus melanochir (1), Callithrix geoffroyi (28), Callithrix jacchus (4), Callithrix kuhlii (31), Callithrix penicillata (175), Callithrix spp. hybrids (15), Leontopithecus chrysomelas (16), Sapajus robustus (1), and Sapajus xanthosthernos (1). Molecular diagnosis was performed using a nested PCR targeting the 18S small subunit ribosomal RNA (18S SSU rRNA) gene, followed by sequencing. Of the 298 samples analyzed, only one (0.3%) from Bahia tested positive for Plasmodium brasilianum\/P. malariae. This represents the first detection of this parasite in a free-living C. geoffroyi in Brazil. These findings highlight the importance of continued surveillance of Plasmodium infections in NHPs to identify regions at risk for zoonotic transmission.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14080757","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T07:45:11Z","timestamp":1754466311000},"page":"757","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Molecular Surveillance of Plasmodium spp. Infection in Neotropical Primates from Bahia and Minas Gerais, Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0121-9613","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luana Karla N. S. 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M.","family":"Alvarenga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Pesquisa em Biologia Molecular e Imunologia da Mal\u00e1ria, Instituto Ren\u00e9 Rachou, Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte 30000-000, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisa B.","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Grupo de Pesquisa em Biologia Molecular e Imunologia da Mal\u00e1ria, Instituto Ren\u00e9 Rachou, Fiocruz, Belo Horizonte 30000-000, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2481-1366","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ramon S.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Insect Behavior Laboratory, Instituto Federal do Norte de Minas Gerais, Salinas 39600-000, MG, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3734-8735","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cirilo 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