{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T14:47:45Z","timestamp":1791557265987,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T immunotherapy has revolutionized the management of patients with relapsed\/refractory B-cell hematological malignancies. There is emerging evidence that CAR-engineered cells\u2014not only T cells, but also natural killers and macrophages\u2014might have a crucial role in the treatment of autoimmune disorders and solid tumors. Moreover, given the burden of chronic infectious diseases, the mortality and morbidity of infections in immunocompromised individuals, and the development of multidrug-resistant pathogens, including bacteria, fungi, and mycobacteria, a need for novel and personalized therapeutics in this field is emerging. To this end, the development of CAR cells for the management of chronic infections has been reported. In this literature review, we summarize the ongoing clinical and pre-clinical data about CAR cell products in the field of infectious diseases. Currently, clinical studies on CAR immunotherapy for infections mainly concern human immunodeficiency virus infection treatment, and data regarding other infections largely originate from preclinical in vitro and in vivo models. In the era of personalized medicine, effective and safe therapies for the management of chronic infections and infectious complications in immunocompromised patients are crucial.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14080774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,6]],"date-time":"2025-08-06T10:13:51Z","timestamp":1754475231000},"page":"774","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Chimeric Antigen Receptor Immunotherapy for Infectious Diseases: Current Advances and Future Perspectives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5566-9295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Kourti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Children & Adolescent Hematology-Oncology Unit, Second Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1783-5111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paschalis","family":"Evangelidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Second Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0202-364X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Roilides","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Third Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9881-451X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elias","family":"Iosifidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Third Department of Pediatrics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hippokration General Hospital, 54642 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.25418","article-title":"An Introduction to Chimeric Antigen Receptor (CAR) T-Cell Immunotherapy for Human Cancer","volume":"94","author":"Feins","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. 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