{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,16]],"date-time":"2026-03-16T05:01:21Z","timestamp":1773637281927,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,8]],"date-time":"2025-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754611200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Childbearing-aged and pregnant women represent a risk group for Toxoplasma gondii infection due to possible transplacental transmission resulting in congenital toxoplasmosis. We analyzed the seroepidemiological trends of toxoplasmosis in Croatia over ten years (2015\u20132024). A total of 2791 childbearing-aged and pregnant women were included. Toxoplasma gondii-specific IgM\/IgG antibodies were detected using an enzyme-linked fluorescence assay. Samples with positive IgM and IgG antibodies were tested for IgG avidity. IgG antibodies were detected in 695 (24.9%) participants, while acute toxoplasmosis (IgM antibodies and low avidity IgG antibodies) was confirmed in 32 (1.2%) of participants. The IgG seroprevalence showed a declining trend over the years. Residents of suburban\/rural areas were more often seropositive than those in urban areas (31.4 vs. 22.3%). Logistic regression analysis revealed that year of testing, age, and settlement were associated with the risk of seropositivity. For each later calendar year, the log odds of being IgG-positive decreased, while for each additional year of age, the log odds increased. Residence in an urban area was associated with lower log odds. The region was not a significant predictor in the logistic regression. The differences in seropositivity observed across regions can be mainly attributed to Pannonian Croatia, which showed significantly higher odds of IgG seropositivity. Data about the toxoplasma serological status is useful for planning prevention campaigns.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14080796","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,11]],"date-time":"2025-08-11T11:02:09Z","timestamp":1754910129000},"page":"796","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Emerging Trends in Toxoplasmosis Seroepidemiology in Childbearing-Aged Women in Croatia, 2015\u20132024"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Mario","family":"Sviben","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Parasitology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klara","family":"Barbi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Statistics Concentrator, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maja","family":"Bogdani\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ema","family":"Reicher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases \u201cDr. Fran Mihaljevi\u0107\u201d, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Glava\u0161","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3263-1769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan","family":"Navolan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cVictor Babes\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 300041 Timisoara, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Sankovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University of Applied Health Sciences, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8751-8149","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomislav","family":"Me\u0161trovi\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Centre Vara\u017edin, University North, 42000 Vara\u017edin, Croatia"},{"name":"Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation and the Department of Health Metrics Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-8546-6331","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Mlinari\u0107","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simona","family":"Vl\u0103d\u0103reanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatology Clinic Elias, Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology and Neonatology, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9512-2673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Radu","family":"Vl\u0103d\u0103reanu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Clinic Elias, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, \u201cCarol Davila\u201d University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1877-5547","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tatjana","family":"Vilibi\u0107-\u010cavlek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"},{"name":"Department of Virology, Croatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Daher, D., Shaghlil, A., Sobh, E., Hamie, M., Hassan, M.E., Moumneh, M.B., Itani, S., El Hajj, R., Tawk, L., and El Sabban, M. 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