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Following infection of mucosal epithelial cells, certain neurons survive infection and life-long latency is established. Periodically, stressful stimuli trigger reactivation from latency, which result in virus shedding, transmission to other people, and, occasionally, recurrent disease. The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) and Kr\u00fcppel-like factor 15 (KLF15) comprise a feed-forward transcriptional loop that cooperatively transactivate key HSV-1 promoters that drive expression of infected cell protein 0 (ICP0), ICP4, and ICP27. Silencing KLF15 significantly reduces HSV-1 replication in cultured mouse neuroblastoma cells. Consequently, we hypothesized that KLF15 mediates certain aspects of reactivation from latency. To test this hypothesis, we compared HSV-1 replication in KLF15\u2212\/\u2212 mice versus wild-type (wt) parental C57BL\/6 mice. Virus shedding during acute infection was reduced in KLF15\u2212\/\u2212 mice. Male KLF15\u2212\/\u2212 mice shed higher titers of virus during late stages of reactivation from latency compared to KLF15\u2212\/\u2212 females and wt mice regardless of sex. At 15 d after explant-induced reactivation, virus shedding was higher in male KLF15\u2212\/\u2212 mice relative to wt mice and female KLF15\u2212\/\u2212 mice. These studies confirm KLF15 expression enhances viral replication during acute infection and reactivation from latency.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14080823","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,21]],"date-time":"2025-08-21T08:02:44Z","timestamp":1755763364000},"page":"823","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Acute HSV-1 Ocular Infection Is Impaired in KLF15 Knockout Mice but Stress-Induced Reactivation from Latency Is Prolonged in Male KLF15 Knockout Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0211-8769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kelly S.","family":"Harrison","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clinton","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6461","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.10.6461","article-title":"Herpes simplex virus type 1 DNA in human brain tissue","volume":"78","author":"Fraser","year":"1981","journal-title":"Proc. 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