{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T22:14:29Z","timestamp":1790374469409,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Projects of the Special Support Program for High-Level Talents in Taizhou City","award":["TZ2022-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["TZ2022-2"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objective: This study conducted a comprehensive analysis of molecular transmission networks and pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) in newly diagnosed HIV-1 infections in Taizhou, China. Methods: From 2021 to 2023, we collected 1126 plasma samples from newly diagnosed HIV patients in Taizhou. The HIV pol gene was amplified, and the obtained sequence was used to construct a maximum likelihood (ML) phylogenetic tree and molecular transmission network. PDR-related mutations were analyzed based on the Stanford University HIV Resistance Database. We conducted genotyping analysis and analysis of factors related to the larger clusters (\u226510). Results: We successfully amplified and sequenced the pol region from 937 (83.2%, 937\/1126) treatment-na\u00efve HIV-1 patients, each with comprehensive epidemiological documentation. Phylogenetic characterization revealed significant subtype heterogeneity, with CRF07_BC (42.1%, 395\/937), CRF01_AE (27.6%, 259\/937) and CRF08_BC (22.1%, 209\/937) being the most prevalent. Notably, 11.4% of the sequenced population (107\/937) presented detectable PDR mutations. Univariate analysis revealed that larger clusters (\u226510) are more inclined to be aged \u226560, divorced or widowed, have high or technical secondary school education, and have sexual contact with homosexuality. Multivariate analysis revealed that age \u226560 years and not having a PDR mutation (p &lt; 0.05) were factors associated with larger clusters (\u226510). Conclusions: Molecular transmission networks suggest that CRF08_BC is spreading rapidly among the older male population. Consequently, targeted interventions aimed at this population are crucial for halting the ongoing rapid dissemination of this subtype.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens14101030","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,13]],"date-time":"2025-10-13T08:10:31Z","timestamp":1760343031000},"page":"1030","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Molecular Transmission Network and Pretreatment Drug Resistance of Newly Diagnosed HIV-1 Infections in Taizhou, a Coastal City in Eastern China, from 2021\u20132023"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Junxiao","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Taizhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou Municipal Institute of Health Supervision, No 4123, Zhongxin Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Haijiang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taizhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou Municipal Institute of Health Supervision, No 4123, Zhongxin Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guixia","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taizhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou Municipal Institute of Health Supervision, No 4123, Zhongxin Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shanling","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taizhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou Municipal Institute of Health Supervision, No 4123, Zhongxin Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taizhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou Municipal Institute of Health Supervision, No 4123, Zhongxin Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4917-3845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Qiguo","family":"Meng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taizhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou Municipal Institute of Health Supervision, No 4123, Zhongxin Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tingting","family":"Hua","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taizhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou Municipal Institute of Health Supervision, No 4123, Zhongxin Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yali","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taizhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou Municipal Institute of Health Supervision, No 4123, Zhongxin Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4288-5516","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jiafeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of HIV\/AIDS Control and Prevention, Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, No. 3399, Binsheng Road, Hangzhou 310051, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Weiwei","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Taizhou Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou Municipal Institute of Health Supervision, No 4123, Zhongxin Avenue, Taizhou 318000, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"The Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS (2024). 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