{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,28]],"date-time":"2026-01-28T17:13:20Z","timestamp":1769620400966,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["22K10042"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["22K10042"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001691","name":"JSPS KAKENHI","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["23K27810"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["23K27810"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001691","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Uemura Fund of Nihon University School of Dentistry","award":["UEMURA-2023-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UEMURA-2023-3"]}]},{"name":"Uemura Fund of Nihon University School of Dentistry","award":["UEMURA-2024-3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UEMURA-2024-3"]}]},{"name":"Uemura Fund of Nihon University School of Dentistry","award":["UEMURA-2025-2"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UEMURA-2025-2"]}]},{"name":"Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry","award":["DRC(A)-2023-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DRC(A)-2023-4"]}]},{"name":"Dental Research Center, Nihon University School of Dentistry","award":["DRC(A)-2024-4"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DRC(A)-2024-4"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007683","name":"Nihon University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007683","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Periodontal pathogens, including Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis), are implicated in respiratory inflammatory conditions, and aspirated oral bacterial components may contribute to airway inflammation. This association has prompted the exploration of innovative therapeutic strategies in addition to conventional oral hygiene practices. We evaluated the anti-inflammatory efficacy of an alkaline extract of Sasa senanensis leaves (SE) against heat-inactivated P. gingivalis-induced inflammation in respiratory tissues. In human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B), SE reduced interleukin (IL)-6 and IL-8 mRNA expression and cytokine secretion in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, SE attenuated nuclear factor-\u03baB (NF-\u03baB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs), including p38 and c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), indicating broad anti-inflammatory actions. In mice, SE administration decreased early lung cytokine levels and reduced NF-\u03baB activity following intratracheal challenge with heat-inactivated P. gingivalis. Together, these in vitro and in vivo findings indicate that SE suppresses proinflammatory signaling triggered by P. gingivalis components and may serve as a natural adjunct to mitigate bacteria-associated airway inflammatory responses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens15020135","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]],"date-time":"2026-01-26T10:24:36Z","timestamp":1769423076000},"page":"135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Inhibition of Porphyromonas gingivalis-Induced Respiratory Inflammation by an Alkaline Extract of Sasa senanensis Leaves"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Asako","family":"Takagi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5150-2076","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akira","family":"Hasuike","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5639-3902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noriaki","family":"Kamio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Sakai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yukihiro","family":"Karahashi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kozue","family":"Sugimoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yurika","family":"Nakajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Misaki","family":"Horiuchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Daiwa Biological Research Institute Co., Ltd., Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kazuki","family":"Toeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Daiwa Biological Research Institute Co., Ltd., Kawasaki, Kanagawa 213-0012, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8001-2121","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Sakagami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meikai University Research Institute of Odontology (M-RIO), Sakado, Saitama 350-0283, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0442-2767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shuichi","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Periodontology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0985-4267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kenichi","family":"Imai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Nihon University School of Dentistry, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-8310, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1111\/prd.12398","article-title":"Oral health\u2019s inextricable connection to systemic health: Special populations bring to bear multimodal relationships and factors connecting periodontal disease to systemic diseases and conditions","volume":"87","author":"Kapila","year":"2021","journal-title":"Periodontol. 2000"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"464","article-title":"Interventions to prevent aspiration pneumonia in older adults: An updated systematic review","volume":"64","author":"Santos","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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