{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T21:26:25Z","timestamp":1770067585923,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769990400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Faecal egg counts (FECs) are used to assess the intensity of gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) infections in herbivores. FEC distribution is aggregated, meaning that approximately 20% of animals harbour 80% of infections. In times of escalating anthelmintic resistance, it may be necessary to restrict treatment to the animals with the heaviest infections. This strategy is called targeted selective treatment (TST) and is relevant to GIN, for example. The difficulty lies in identifying which animals to treat. One solution is to select potentially at-risk animals based on age (for example, treating the young) or to perform individual faecal egg counts (though this is costly). We propose a solution for determining the suitability of selective treatment based on the level of FEC (200 or 500 eggs per gram of faeces). First, we demonstrated that the mean FEC in a group is strictly related to its variance (Taylor\u2019s power law) using published data and our own unpublished data on horses from France, Poland, and Mexico. The study focused on small and large strongyles in horses. Taylor\u2019s power law states that sample variance (Var) and the population mean are related by a simple equation: Var = a Mean^b or log(Var) = log(a) + b log(Mean). The influence of factors such as age, status (mare, stallion, yearling, etc.), day-to-day variability, and previous anthelmintic treatments did not alter this relationship. To reduce the number of FECs, we estimated the mean FEC on a composite faecal sample. We then calculated the variability and therefore the number of horses with an FEC above the chosen acceptable level. When the mean is high, the number of horses to be treated is also high and TST is not beneficial. When the FEC is average, TST may be worthwhile, either based on the FEC of individual horses or on the horse class at risk. Based on the percentage of horses with an FEC above the acceptable level, farmers can decide whether to treat all animals or establish a TST protocol. Caution should be exercised when using TST in the presence of large strongyles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens15020156","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]],"date-time":"2026-02-02T09:48:08Z","timestamp":1770025688000},"page":"156","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Relationship Between Mean Faecal Gastrointestinal Nematode Egg Excretion in Horses and Its Variability: Implications for Control"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7379-9023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacques","family":"Cabaret","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sant\u00e9SocioV\u00e9to, 8 Pl. Carr\u00e9 de Busserolle, 37100 Tours, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Guerrero Molina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Parasitologia, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0631-3553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cintli","family":"Mart\u00ednez-Ortiz-de Montellano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Parasitologia, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7809-392X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yazmin","family":"Alcala Canto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Parasitologia, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico (UNAM), Ciudad de Mexico 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"763","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182006002150","article-title":"Are there general laws in parasite ecology?","volume":"134","author":"Poulin","year":"2007","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"393","DOI":"10.1017\/S003118200500764X","article-title":"Modelling macroparasite aggregation using a nematode-sheep system: The Weibull distribution as an alternative to the negative binomial distribution?","volume":"131","author":"Gaba","year":"2005","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"641","DOI":"10.1017\/S0031182012001941","article-title":"Helminth egg excretion with regard to age, gender and management practices on UK Thoroughbred studs","volume":"140","author":"Relf","year":"2013","journal-title":"Parasitology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"306","DOI":"10.1111\/j.2042-3292.2010.00084.x","article-title":"An evidence-based approach to equine parasite control: It ain\u2019t the 60s anymore","volume":"22","author":"Kaplan","year":"2010","journal-title":"Equine Vet. 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