{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,22]],"date-time":"2026-07-22T14:10:06Z","timestamp":1784729406797,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1770854400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Agencia Nacional de Promoci\u00f3n de la Investigaci\u00f3n, el Desarrollo Tecnol\u00f3gico y la Innovaci\u00f3n","award":["PICT-2019-02756"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PICT-2019-02756"]}]},{"name":"Secretar\u00eda de Ciencia y T\u00e9cnica UNLP, Proyecto de Incentivos Docentes UNLP","award":["11\/V301"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["11\/V301"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a global public health concern, causing over 20 million infections annually. It is primarily transmitted via the fecal\u2013oral route, with wild boars and domestic swine as major reservoirs involved in zoonotic transmission. Bah\u00eda de Samboromb\u00f3n is an important natural reserve in Argentina characterized by a high population of wild boars, located in a livestock-intensive region near major urban centers. As part of a wild boar control program, 11 sampling campaigns were carried out between 2022 and 2023. Fecal, blood, and liver samples were systematically collected from 80 captured animals for the detection and characterization of HEV through antibody and RNA testing. Serological analysis revealed a positivity rate of 42.4%, whereas RT-qPCR detected HEV RNA in 9.1% of fecal samples and 12.5% of liver samples. From the positive samples, seven viral sequences were recovered using RT-nested PCR, including six from ORF1 and one from ORF2. Phylogenetic analysis clustered these sequences within zoonotic HEV genotype 3, showing a close relationship with human sequences from Buenos Aires and neighboring provinces. This study confirms the presence of HEV in wild boars from Argentina, highlighting the circulation of genotype 3, clade abchijklmno and the associated zoonotic risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens15020205","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]],"date-time":"2026-02-12T09:48:34Z","timestamp":1770889714000},"page":"205","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Evidence of Wild Boars as a Reservoir of Zoonotic Hepatitis E Virus Genotype 3: Implications for Public Health in Argentina"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1286-5207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Macarena Marta","family":"Williman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Virolog\u00eda, Centro de Microbiolog\u00eda B\u00e1sica y Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata CP 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Laboratorio de Investigaci\u00f3n y Diagnostico en Gen\u00e9tica Molecular (LIDGeM), Universidad Nacional de Arturo Jauretche, Florencio Varela CP 1888, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3980-4770","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Santiago Emanuel","family":"Colina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Virolog\u00eda, Centro de Microbiolog\u00eda B\u00e1sica y Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata CP 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires (CABA) CP 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9349-6441","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guadalupe","family":"Di Cola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires (CABA) CP 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Instituto de Virolog\u00eda \u201cDr. J. 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Vanella\u201d, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Universidad Nacional C\u00f3rdoba, Enfermera Gordillo G\u00f3mez S\/N, C\u00f3rdoba CP 5016, Provincia de C\u00f3rdoba, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana Sofia","family":"Ozaeta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Virolog\u00eda, Centro de Microbiolog\u00eda B\u00e1sica y Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata CP 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno Nicol\u00e1s","family":"Carpinetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Investigaci\u00f3n y Diagnostico en Gen\u00e9tica Molecular (LIDGeM), Universidad Nacional de Arturo Jauretche, Florencio Varela CP 1888, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0336-3750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Bel\u00e9n","family":"Pisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires (CABA) CP 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Instituto de Virolog\u00eda \u201cDr. J. M. Vanella\u201d, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Universidad Nacional C\u00f3rdoba, Enfermera Gordillo G\u00f3mez S\/N, C\u00f3rdoba CP 5016, Provincia de C\u00f3rdoba, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4106-6642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Viviana Elizabeth","family":"R\u00e9","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires (CABA) CP 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Instituto de Virolog\u00eda \u201cDr. J. M. Vanella\u201d, Facultad de Ciencias M\u00e9dicas, Universidad Nacional C\u00f3rdoba, Enfermera Gordillo G\u00f3mez S\/N, C\u00f3rdoba CP 5016, Provincia de C\u00f3rdoba, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5909-8098","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Soledad","family":"Serena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Virolog\u00eda, Centro de Microbiolog\u00eda B\u00e1sica y Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata CP 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires (CABA) CP 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9644-3583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda Gabriela","family":"Echeverr\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Virolog\u00eda, Centro de Microbiolog\u00eda B\u00e1sica y Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata CP 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires (CABA) CP 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5098-7059","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Germ\u00e1n Ernesto","family":"Metz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Virolog\u00eda, Centro de Microbiolog\u00eda B\u00e1sica y Aplicada, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, La Plata CP 1900, Buenos Aires, Argentina"},{"name":"Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas y T\u00e9cnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Aut\u00f3noma de Buenos Aires (CABA) CP 1425, Buenos Aires, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"001778","article-title":"ICTV Virus Taxonomy Profile: Hepeviridae 2022","volume":"103","author":"Purdy","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. 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