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This review focuses on how the most prevalent protozoan and helminth parasites in humans, such as Plasmodium, Toxoplasma, Leishmania, Trypanosoma, Entamoeba, Schistosoma, and Taenia, manipulate angiogenic pathways for their own benefit. This knowledge reveals that angiogenesis is central to the pathophysiology and therapeutic targeting of parasitic diseases. Importantly, parasites and\/or their excretory\/secretory factors, which modulate vascular responses, are potential treatments for chronic degenerative diseases in which angiogenesis is crucial to disease progression, such as cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens15040347","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T10:07:13Z","timestamp":1774433233000},"page":"347","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Parasites as Modulators of Angiogenesis: Implications for Vascular Biology and Pathogenesis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5895-1648","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tonathiu","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunidad Innata, Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biomedicina (UBIMED), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala (FES-I), Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico (UNAM), Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3620-7858","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00edctor H.","family":"Salazar-Casta\u00f1\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunolog\u00eda Molecular, Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n Qu\u00edmica Computacional, S\u00edntesis y Farmacolog\u00eda en Mol\u00e9culas de Inter\u00e9s Biol\u00f3gico, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Zaragoza, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico (UNAM), Batalla 5 de Mayo esquina Fuerte de Loreto, Iztapalapa 09230, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4649-4117","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luis I.","family":"Terrazas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunoparasitolog\u00eda, Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biomedicina (UBIMED), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala (FES-I), Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico (UNAM), Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"},{"name":"Laboratorio Nacional en Salud, Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala (FES-I), Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico (UNAM), Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Imelda","family":"Ju\u00e1rez-Avelar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunidad Innata, Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biomedicina (UBIMED), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala (FES-I), Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico (UNAM), Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2911-9390","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Miriam","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Sosa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratorio de Inmunidad Innata, Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Biomedicina (UBIMED), Facultad de Estudios Superiores Iztacala (FES-I), Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico (UNAM), Av. de los Barrios 1, Los Reyes Iztacala, Tlalnepantla 54090, Estado de M\u00e9xico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adair, T.H., and Montani, J.-P. 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