{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T09:18:51Z","timestamp":1774948731269,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1774915200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development\n              https:\/\/ror.org\/03swz6y49","award":["315727\/2021-7"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["315727\/2021-7"]}]},{"name":"Carlos Chagas Filho Foundation for Research Support of Rio de Janeiro State","award":["CNE 2024\u2014E-26\/204.380\/2024 (300097)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNE 2024\u2014E-26\/204.380\/2024 (300097)"]}]},{"name":"Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fiocruz"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Plasmodium falciparum with deletions in the pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 genes has increasingly challenged national malaria control efforts worldwide by reducing the reliability of HRP2-based rapid diagnostic tests. This review explores available reports and evidence on this issue across Latin America. The results show a varied distribution, with countries such as Peru, Colombia, and Brazil reporting the emergence and spread of multidrug-resistant strains. Meanwhile, Caribbean countries and parts of Central America report low prevalence or no deletions. Understanding these patterns is essential for adjusting surveillance strategies, especially in countries nearing malaria elimination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens15040368","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]],"date-time":"2026-03-31T08:09:18Z","timestamp":1774944558000},"page":"368","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Are pfhrp2 and pfhrp3 Deletions a Concern in Latin America? A Critical Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Beatriz Pires da","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Pesquisa em Mal\u00e1ria, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21041-361, Brazil"},{"name":"Centro de Pesquisa, Diagn\u00f3stico e Treinamento em Mal\u00e1ria (CPD-Mal), Reference Malaria Laboratory of the Extra-Amazonian Region for the Brazilian Ministry of Health, Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia Sanit\u00e1ria & Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21041-361, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5057-0242","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pablo Secato","family":"Fontoura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Coordena\u00e7\u00e3o Geral de Elimina\u00e7\u00e3o da Mal\u00e1ria\u2014CGEMA, Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade e Ambiente, Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade, Distrito Federal, Bras\u00edlia 70058-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cl\u00e1udio Tadeu","family":"Daniel-Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Pesquisa em Mal\u00e1ria, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21041-361, Brazil"},{"name":"Centro de Pesquisa, Diagn\u00f3stico e Treinamento em Mal\u00e1ria (CPD-Mal), Reference Malaria Laboratory of the Extra-Amazonian Region for the Brazilian Ministry of Health, Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia Sanit\u00e1ria & Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21041-361, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3522-3792","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria de F\u00e1tima","family":"Ferreira-da-Cruz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laborat\u00f3rio de Pesquisa em Mal\u00e1ria, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Funda\u00e7\u00e3o Oswaldo Cruz (Fiocruz), Rio de Janeiro 21041-361, Brazil"},{"name":"Centro de Pesquisa, Diagn\u00f3stico e Treinamento em Mal\u00e1ria (CPD-Mal), Reference Malaria Laboratory of the Extra-Amazonian Region for the Brazilian Ministry of Health, Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia Sanit\u00e1ria & Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro 21041-361, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"311","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.hdy.6800805","article-title":"Molecular population genetics of the malaria vector Anopheles darlingi in Central and South America","volume":"96","author":"Mirabello","year":"2006","journal-title":"Heredity"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Minist\u00e9rio da Sa\u00fade, and Secretaria de Vigil\u00e2ncia em Sa\u00fade (2009). 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