{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T13:18:57Z","timestamp":1785417537655,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1778112000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004319","name":"Pfizer","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004319","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/00kkwkq76","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Slovenia has a high tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) incidence and TBE vaccination is recommended for all residents \u22651 year-of-age. Despite widespread TBE vaccine use in Slovenia, TBE vaccine effectiveness (VE) has not been reported for Slovenia. We defined individuals who received \u22653 TBE vaccine doses in accordance with the recommended vaccination schedule as fully vaccinated. Using the screening method, TBE VE was determined by comparing the proportions of TBE cases and survey respondents who were fully vaccinated. TBE incidence and VE were used to estimate the number of TBE cases prevented by TBE vaccination. Of 637 surveillance-reported TBE cases in 2019\u20132024, 332 (52.1%) had a known vaccination history. Of these 332 TBE cases, 322 (97.0%) were unvaccinated and 10 (3.0%) received \u22651 doses of a TBE vaccine. Among 25,242 persons surveyed with known TBE vaccination history, 57.9% were unvaccinated. VE of \u22653 TBE doses for the prevention of TBE was 93.4% (84.0\u201397.3%). TBE vaccination prevented 426 TBE cases in 2019\u20132024. If the entire population was vaccinated against TBE, vaccination would have prevented 994 TBE cases in 2019\u22122024. TBE vaccination in Slovenia was highly effective, preventing hundreds of TBE cases a year. Most of the Slovenian population, however, is not vaccinated against TBE. To prevent additional TBE cases in Slovenia, further efforts are needed to enhance TBE vaccine uptake.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens15050503","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]],"date-time":"2026-05-07T10:39:47Z","timestamp":1778150387000},"page":"503","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Tick-Borne Encephalitis Vaccine Effectiveness and Impact in Slovenia, 2019\u20132024"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jan","family":"Korde\u017e","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical and Scientific Affairs, Pfizer, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3120-7704","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederick J.","family":"Angulo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Evidence Development, Bacterial Vaccines Real-World Evidence and Epidemiology, Pfizer, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-5716-820X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pingping","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Affairs Evidence Generation Statistics, Pfizer Research and Development, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2477-7794","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Davidson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Evidence Development, Bacterial Vaccines Real-World Evidence and Epidemiology, Pfizer, New York, NY 19426, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juanita","family":"Edwards","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Evidence Generation, Bacterial Vaccines Real-World Evidence and Epidemiology, Pfizer, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5866-7295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lisa R.","family":"Harper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Medical Evidence Development, Vaccines, Integrated Evidence Generation, Pfizer, Collegeville, PA 19426, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6394-3845","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas","family":"Pilz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Medical Affairs, Bacterial and Vector-Borne Vaccines, Pfizer Biopharma, 1210 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8971-3311","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hannah","family":"Gould","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Global Medical Affairs, Bacterial and Vector-Borne Vaccines, Pfizer Research and Development, New York, NY 10001, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1861","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60800-4","article-title":"Tick-borne encephalitis","volume":"31","author":"Lindquist","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ttbdis.2010.10.007","article-title":"Tick-borne encephalitis 2010: Epidemiology, risk areas, and virus strains in Europe and Asia-an overview","volume":"2","year":"2011","journal-title":"Ticks Tick Borne Dis."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"299","DOI":"10.1080\/14737167.2019.1573677","article-title":"Reviewing estimates of the burden in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) of tick-borne encephalitis in Slovenia","volume":"19","year":"2019","journal-title":"Expert Rev. 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