{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,6]],"date-time":"2026-09-06T06:17:57Z","timestamp":1788675477024,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]],"date-time":"2026-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1779926400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A 61-year-old woman developed prosthetic valve infective endocarditis after osteomyelitis caused by extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Acinetobacter baumannii. Moreover, a systematic descriptive review of published case reports was performed to describe the main features, treatment, and outcomes of this condition. Methods: Apart from the description of our case, a PubMed and Embase literature review was conducted up to January 2026 using the terms \u201cA. baumannii\u201d AND (\u201cinfective endocarditis\u201d OR \u201cendocarditis\u201d OR \u201cvalvular infection\u201d). We included clinical cases of IE caused by A. baumannii published as full-text articles in English. Results: After orthopedic osteosynthesis surgery following a femur fracture, our patient developed osteomyelitis by XDR A. baumannii and was treated for a short period of time. Later, prosthetic aortic valve endocarditis was diagnosed. Despite treatment with cefiderocol and eravacycline, she died. An additional 18 clinical cases of IE by A. baumannii were identified from the literature, bringing the total to 19 cases. IE affected prosthetic valves in nine cases, native valves in nine and involved a right atrial mass in one. Twelve cases were caused by MDR or XDR A. baumannii. Mortality occurred more frequently in cases not treated with surgery (9\/13, 69%) compared to those treated with surgery (1\/6, 16.7%). However, given the very small sample size, these data should be interpreted with caution. Conclusion: This case, together with previously reported observations, highlights the severity of EI by A. baumannii and the need of multidisciplinary management.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens15060581","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T02:37:26Z","timestamp":1780454246000},"page":"581","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prosthetic Valve Endocarditis by Acinetobacter baumannii: Case Report and Systematic Descriptive Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Annabella","family":"Salvati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Loredana","family":"Alessio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gloria","family":"Trombaccia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Unit, \u201cSacro Cuore\u201d\u2013Fatebenefratelli Hospital, 82100 Benevento, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3802-7052","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Cimmino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Luigi Vanvitelli, 80138 Napoli, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1042-0976","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marisa","family":"De Feo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Women, Child and General and Specialized Surgery, Section of Anesthesiology, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1638-9711","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fausto","family":"Ferraro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Section of Cardiac Surgery and Heart Transplant, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefania","family":"De Pascalis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5897-4949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola","family":"Coppola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Mental Health and Public Medicine, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1287","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwab211","article-title":"Global, regional, and national burden and quality of care index of endocarditis: The Global Burden of Disease Study 1990\u20132019","volume":"29","author":"Momtazmanesh","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. 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