{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T17:26:09Z","timestamp":1785432369038,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]],"date-time":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1780272000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Santa Cruz State University","award":["PROPP\/UESC 073.0886.2022. 0034488-66"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PROPP\/UESC 073.0886.2022. 0034488-66"]}]},{"name":"CNPq\/INCT Innovative Bioinputs","award":["#406803\/2022-6"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#406803\/2022-6"]}]},{"name":"National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq) of Brazil","award":["#420413\/2023-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#420413\/2023-5"]}]},{"award":["#420413\/2023-5"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#420413\/2023-5"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03swz6y49","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002322","name":"Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002322","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The rise in anthelmintic resistance in small ruminants has driven the search for sustainable control alternatives. Among these, entomopathogenic fungi such as Metarhizium robertsii stand out for their potential to reduce the free-living stages of gastrointestinal nematodes (GINs). This study evaluated the field efficacy of M. robertsii (LCM S15) under climatic conditions in the Rec\u00f4ncavo region of Bahia, Brazil. The experiment was conducted between November 2022 and July 2023 in a completely randomized design with four groups (n = 8): aqueous control, oil control, aqueous suspension, and oil formulation of M. robertsii. Egg counts per gram of feces (EPG) and L3 larval recovery were assessed by coproculture and the Baermann technique. Efficacy ranged from 15.23% to 27.34%, with the oil formulation showing higher performance. Haemonchus sp. and Trichostrongylus sp. were the most prevalent genera. These findings suggest the potential of M. robertsii (LCM S15) as a biological control agent under field conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens15060594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T02:37:26Z","timestamp":1780454246000},"page":"594","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Field Efficacy of Metarhizium robertsii (LCM S15) for Controlling Free-Living Stages of Gastrointestinal Nematodes in Goats"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ially de Almeida","family":"Moura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilh\u00e9us 45662-900, Bahia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ant\u00f4nio Wesley Oliveira","family":"da Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Ci\u00eancia Animal nos Tr\u00f3picos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Bahia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gabriel da Silva","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Ci\u00eancia Animal nos Tr\u00f3picos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Bahia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7410-8546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giancarlo Bomfim","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de Ci\u00eancia Animal nos Tr\u00f3picos, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador 40170-115, Bahia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mayara Mac\u00eado","family":"Barrozo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioci\u00eancias e Tecnologia,  Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia 74605-050, Goi\u00e1s, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6909-2925","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tha\u00eds Almeida","family":"Corr\u00eaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop\u00e9dica 23897-000, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1854-7488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Patr\u00edcia Silva","family":"G\u00f4lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop\u00e9dica 23897-000, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabele da Costa","family":"\u00c2ngelo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Epidemiologia e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Instituto de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop\u00e9dica 23890-000, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5253-5451","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Caio M\u00e1rcio de Oliveira","family":"Monteiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioci\u00eancias e Tecnologia,  Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia 74605-050, Goi\u00e1s, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7062-3295","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c9verton Kort Kamp","family":"Fernandes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Bioci\u00eancias e Tecnologia,  Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Universidade Federal de Goi\u00e1s, Goi\u00e2nia 74605-050, Goi\u00e1s, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8473-8501","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"V\u00e2nia Rita Elias Pinheiro","family":"Bittencourt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Parasitologia Animal, Instituto de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop\u00e9dica 23897-000, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre Dias","family":"Munhoz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Programa de P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o em Ci\u00eancia Animal, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Ilh\u00e9us 45662-900, Bahia, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wendell Marcelo de Souza","family":"Perinotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Epidemiologia e Sa\u00fade P\u00fablica, Instituto de Veterin\u00e1ria, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, Serop\u00e9dica 23890-000, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107446","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smallrumres.2025.107446","article-title":"Assessing anthelmintic resistance on small ruminant farms in a tropical production system","volume":"244","author":"Kour","year":"2025","journal-title":"Small Rumin. 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