{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T09:36:00Z","timestamp":1785404160559,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1781136000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Doctoral Research Initiation Project of Xichang University","award":["YBZ2025004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YBZ2025004"]}]},{"award":["YBZ2025004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["YBZ2025004"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02h3fyk31","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"2025 Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program for College Students, Xichang University","award":["202510268026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202510268026"]}]},{"award":["202510268026"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202510268026"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/02h3fyk31","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Xichang Municipal Technology Research, Development, and Promotion Application Project","award":["JSYJ-2025-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["JSYJ-2025-02"]}]},{"name":"Liangshan Science and Technology Program","award":["25KJFZ0011"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25KJFZ0011"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Avian influenza virus (AIV), a zoonotic pathogen capable of cross-species transmission, poses a significant global health threat due to its rapid evolutionary adaptation. This review consolidates evidence from the past decade on AIV-autophagy interactions, emphasizing mechanistic insights and therapeutic potential. Research indicates that various AIV strains can trigger autophagosome formation via viral components, although the completeness of autophagic flux is not fully understood. These virus\u2013host interactions are notably influenced by viral genotypes (e.g., H5N1 vs. H9N2) and host species (avian vs. mammalian). Current studies suggest that modulating autophagy may reduce AIV-induced acute lung injury, with pharmacological agents showing potential in mitigating inflammatory responses. We systematically explore three research areas: (1) strain-specific mechanisms of autophagy induction, (2) host-specific autophagic responses in poultry and human models, and (3) the therapeutic potential of stage-specific autophagy manipulation. This synthesis clarifies critical knowledge gaps, particularly the need for standardized autophagic flux assessment in avian cells, while providing a conceptual framework for developing autophagy-targeted strategies against AIV pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens15060623","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,12]],"date-time":"2026-06-12T09:49:51Z","timestamp":1781257791000},"page":"623","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Research Progress on Avian Influenza Virus and Autophagy: A Review"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Zhiqiang","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, China"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Animal Epidemic Disease Detection and Prevention in Panxi District, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, China"},{"name":"Liangshan Ecological Breeding Engineering Technology Research Center, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiali","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ase","family":"Hailai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5787-8656","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ran","family":"Guan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xinhong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3878-910X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xi","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yiqun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mingyu","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7223-4047","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zengwen","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guangwen","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6190-7958","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chaoyun","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang 615013, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2559","DOI":"10.1002\/rmv.2559","article-title":"Epidemiology, biosafety, and biosecurity of Avian Influenza: Insights from the East Mediterranean region","volume":"34","author":"Khair","year":"2024","journal-title":"Rev. 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