{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,7]],"date-time":"2026-07-07T09:25:43Z","timestamp":1783416343338,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1782432000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Oral manifestations are common in people living with HIV (PLWH) and may affect oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL), while data from Greece remain limited. This multicenter prospective cohort study evaluated oral health status and OHRQoL among PLWH and explored associations with antiretroviral therapy (ART) and clinical factors. Overall, 370 PLWH from seven referral centers were included. Participants underwent oral examination, with oral hygiene assessed using the Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (OHI-S), and completed the Oral Health Impact Profile-14 (OHIP-14). Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS Statistics v29.0, while multinomial and binary logistic regression identified predictors of oral hygiene status and OHRQoL, respectively. Most participants were male (76.5%), had CD4 counts \u2265 200 cells\/\u03bcL (95.4%), and were receiving ART (98.6%). Annual dental check-ups, daily tooth brushing, mouthwash use, and dental floss use were reported by 54.1%, 69.5%, 31.9%, and 23.8%, respectively. The median OHI-S score was 2.0 (IQR:1.5\u20132.7), with 16.9% having poor OHI-S; the median OHIP-14 score was 11 (IQR: 7\u201315), with 64.4% reporting poor OHRQoL. Male sex was associated with lower odds of poor OHRQoL (OR = 0.377; p = 0.006), whereas ART regimen independently predicted poor OHRQoL. These findings support patient-centered oral healthcare within HIV care.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens15070679","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T05:58:04Z","timestamp":1782799084000},"page":"679","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Oral Lesions in People Living with HIV: The Lining HIV Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Maria","family":"Gavatha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanouil Angelos","family":"Rigopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miranda","family":"Alexopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, University General Hospital of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vasileios","family":"Petrakis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Internal Medicine, University General Hospital Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikoleta","family":"Babaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Internal Medicine, University General Hospital Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Tsachouridou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, 1st Internal Medicine Department, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55436 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1362-8027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Pilalas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3rd Department of Internal Medicine, Papageorgiou General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 56403 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Charis","family":"Chari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, 1st Internal Medicine Department, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55436 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Vorria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evaggelia","family":"Bogosian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1082-5674","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petros","family":"Ioannou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Heraklion, 71110 Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4442-5783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sofia","family":"Ioannou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"3rd Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases Unit, \u201cKorgialenio-Benakio\u201d Red Cross General Hospital of Athens, 11526 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Efstratios","family":"Patsatzis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, General Hospital of Athens \u201cKorgialenio-Benakio\u201d Red Cross General Hospital of Athens, 11526 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0530-3209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria N.","family":"Gamaletsou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pathophysiology Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas Rafail","family":"Tzatzimos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dentistry, Evangelismos General Hospital of Athens, 10676 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Periklis","family":"Panagopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Internal Medicine, University General Hospital Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Symeon","family":"Metallidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectious Diseases Unit, 1st Internal Medicine Department, AHEPA University Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 55436 Thessaloniki, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4846-2178","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Papazoglou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"2nd Department of Internal Medicine, University General Hospital Alexandroupolis, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8834-6078","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Konstantinos","family":"Tosios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Dentistry, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4289-9494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"Akinosoglou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece"},{"name":"Departments of Internal Medicine and Infectious Diseases, University General Hospital of Patras, 26504 Rio, Greece"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"34","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1601-0825.2002.00009.x","article-title":"The 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