{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T08:14:32Z","timestamp":1789892072167,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]],"date-time":"2026-07-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1784419200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Long-term outcomes after hepatectomy for alveolar echinococcosis (AE) in immunosuppressed patients remain poorly investigated. This study evaluated recurrence rates and recurrence-free\/overall survivals (RFS\/OS) after AE resection in immunocompromised and immunocompetent patients. Consecutive patients operated for liver AE in two university hospitals were retrospectively collected (2000\u20132021). Immunosuppressed patients were defined as patients who had a reduced ability to fight infection due to certain diseases or treatments. 195 patients had hepatectomy for liver AE. Preoperative albendazole was given in 111 cases (57%). Fifty-two patients (27%) were considered immunosuppressed. Patients in the immunosuppressed and immunocompetent cohorts had similar preoperative characteristics. Recurrences occurred in 10 patients (immunosuppressed group: 4, non-immunosuppressed group: 6) within a median follow-up of 58 months (95%CI 48\u201368). No significant differences in RFS and OS were found between the immunosuppressed and immunocompetent groups (212 vs. 206 months, p = 0.625 and 236 vs. 210 months, p = 0.282). Two-year recurrence rates were 0% in the immunosuppressed cohort and 1% (1\/142) in the immunocompetent patients (p = 0.466). Absence of preoperative albendazole and lesion size were predictive of recurrence after hepatectomy. Immunosuppression was not found to be a risk factor for recurrence (HR 1.4, p = 0.626). In this bicentric study, immunocompromised patients did not have significantly different recurrence rates, RFS, and OS than immunocompetent patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens15070756","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,20]],"date-time":"2026-07-20T10:44:02Z","timestamp":1784544242000},"page":"756","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Long-Term Outcomes After Hepatectomy for Alveolar Echinococcosis in Immunosuppressed Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0003-7021-3896","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Djana","family":"Rrupa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christelle","family":"Kaiser","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Melloul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2493-0750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emilie","family":"Uldry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nermin","family":"Halkic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9914-3807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guido","family":"Beldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital\u2014Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9756-9425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Severin","family":"Gloor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital\u2014Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland"},{"name":"Department of General, Visceral, and Transplant Surgery, Muenster University Hospital, 48149 Muenster, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5879-5737","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anja","family":"Lachenmayer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral Surgery and Medicine, Inselspital\u2014Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, 3010 Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8725-3494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ga\u00ebtan-Romain","family":"Joliat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Visceral Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital CHUV, University of Lausanne (UNIL), 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e3866","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.e3866","article-title":"Diagnosis, treatment, and management of Echinococcosis","volume":"344","author":"McManus","year":"2012","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.17.1.107-135.2004","article-title":"Biological, epidemiological, and clinical aspects of Echinococcosis, a zoonosis of increasing concern","volume":"17","author":"Eckert","year":"2004","journal-title":"Clin. 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