{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T15:32:41Z","timestamp":1787585561648,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":73,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,22]],"date-time":"2026-08-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The global threat of multidrug-resistant infections requires new approaches for its management. A blend of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and poly(\u03b5-caprolactone) (PCL) electrospun nanofibrous membrane was utilised as a scaffold to sustain the release of three broad-spectrum antiseptics to combat multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms. The scaffold was characterised by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, contact angle, and scanning electron microscopy. The latter revealed a random and smooth structure. The contact angle value of 81.8 \u00b1 1.8 confirmed the hydrophilic nature of the scaffold, which is important for wound healing. The high surface-to-volume ratio of the scaffolds was utilised for loading benzoic acid (BA), methylparaben (MPB), and propylparaben (PPB) which were released during 72 h concentrations ranging between 0.20 and 0.8 mg mL\u22121. The initial release of antiseptics was high and was then sustained for over 72 h. After 8 h, the burst release was 61.64 \u00b1 4.11% for BA, 41.11 \u00b1 2.98% for MPB and 34.32 \u00b1 3.13% for PPB. The release profile of BA was superior to that of the MPB and PPB. The loaded scaffolds inhibited MDR-resistant methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli and Candida albicans and were not cytotoxic to a fibroblast cell line. They inhibited their colonisation by the tested microorganisms to non-detectable counts or at least reduced microbial counts by at least 6\u20137 logs (p \u2264 0.001) for 72 h. Crystal violet techniques and electron microscopy confirmed colonisation inhibition. Because of their non-cytotoxicity and broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity, the antiseptic-loaded PMMA\/PCL nanofibrous scaffolds could be utilised as wound dressings, particularly in non-healing wounds.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens15090880","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,24]],"date-time":"2026-08-24T14:49:34Z","timestamp":1787582974000},"page":"880","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["In Vitro Study for Combating Multidrug-Resistant Pathogens via a Facile Sustained Release of Benzoic Acid and Parabens from PMMA\/PCL Nanofibrous Membrane"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Reham M.","family":"Goda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alaa A.","family":"Omar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanomedicine Research Unit, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ibrahim A.","family":"Maghrabi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5896-3067","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed F.","family":"El-Badawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Sadat City 32897, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6472-349X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Islam M.","family":"Bendary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dental Biomaterials, Faculty of Dentistry, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohamed M.","family":"Shohayeb","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa 11152, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7428-8949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Abd El-Gawad","family":"El-Sayed Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Drug Manufacturing, Misr University for Science and Technology (MUST), Giza P.O. 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