{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T20:08:20Z","timestamp":1790798900115,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1787616000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Kazakhstan","award":["IRN BR28712927"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IRN BR28712927"]}]},{"award":["IRN BR28712927"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IRN BR28712927"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/05tyne317","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background. Stool microscopy and anti-Ascaris IgG serology assess different, but related biological domains. Joint interpretation can identify immunological exposure and intestinal egg shedding without assuming one or both markers are a measure of current infection independently. Objective. To develop a four-pattern paired-marker framework for anti-A. lumbricoides IgG and copromicroscopy results from adults in Kazakhstan and to assess the qualitative analytical concordance of two IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Methods. The cross-sectional field study involved 1000 adult volunteers from Almaty and the region providing matched serum and stool samples. Sera were tested by MVA Group indirect anti-Ascaris IgG ELISA, and stool samples were examined by the Kato\u2013Katz and F\u00fclleborn methods. The binary outcome was classified into four pair patterns. All sera were further tested with a commercial ELISA (DRG), and qualitative concordance was calculated. Results. Anti-Ascaris IgG was found in 331 of the 1000 subjects (33.1%; 95% CI, 30.3\u201336.1%), while A. lumbricoides eggs were detected in 240 subjects (24.0%; 95% CI, 21.5\u201326.7%). The paired patterns were IgG-positive\/egg-positive in 185 participants (18.5%), IgG-positive\/egg-negative in 146 (14.6%), IgG-negative\/egg-positive in 55 (5.5%), and IgG-negative\/egg-negative in 614 (61.4%). IgG positivity was detected in 77.1% of subjects with detected eggs and 19.2% of subjects without detected eggs (odds ratio, 14.15; 95% CI, 9.96\u201320.09; p &lt; 0.001). The MVA Group and DRG ELISAs agreed for 990 of 1000 specimens (99.0%; 95% CI, 98.2\u201399.5%), with positive and negative agreements of 98.2% and 99.4%, respectively (\u03ba = 0.98). Conclusions. Serology and copromicroscopy showed a high association, but they are not interchangeable. The paired-marker paradigm clarified concordant and discordant patterns while retaining IgG as a marker of past or ongoing immune exposure and stool eggs as markers of shedding at the time of sampling. High inter-assay agreement suggests analytical consistency within this serum panel, but does not imply diagnostic accuracy for active ascariasis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens15090896","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T12:57:17Z","timestamp":1787662637000},"page":"896","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Paired-Marker Framework for Interpreting Anti-Ascaris lumbricoides IgG Serology and Copromicroscopy: A Cross-Sectional Study in Almaty and the Almaty Region, Kazakhstan"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Aidar","family":"Namet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Research and Production Center \u00abMVA GROUP\u00bb LLP, 1124, Accounting Quarter 096, Koksay Village, Irgeli Rural District, Karasay District, Almaty Region, Almaty 040921, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5882-4964","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mukhit","family":"Orynbayev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Research and Production Center \u00abMVA GROUP\u00bb LLP, 1124, Accounting Quarter 096, Koksay Village, Irgeli Rural District, Karasay District, Almaty Region, Almaty 040921, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"LLP \u00abResearch Institute for Biological Safety Problems\u00bb JSC \u00abQazBioPharm\u00bb of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Zhambyl Region, Gvardeysky, Astana 080409, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1064-7081","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Timur","family":"Davlyatshin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Research and Production Center \u00abMVA GROUP\u00bb LLP, 1124, Accounting Quarter 096, Koksay Village, Irgeli Rural District, Karasay District, Almaty Region, Almaty 040921, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kulyaisan","family":"Sultankulova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Research and Production Center \u00abMVA GROUP\u00bb LLP, 1124, Accounting Quarter 096, Koksay Village, Irgeli Rural District, Karasay District, Almaty Region, Almaty 040921, Kazakhstan"},{"name":"LLP \u00abResearch Institute for Biological Safety Problems\u00bb JSC \u00abQazBioPharm\u00bb of the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Kazakhstan, Zhambyl Region, Gvardeysky, Astana 080409, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4107-5095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Asylzhan","family":"Myrzakhmet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Research and Production Center \u00abMVA GROUP\u00bb LLP, 1124, Accounting Quarter 096, Koksay Village, Irgeli Rural District, Karasay District, Almaty Region, Almaty 040921, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sabyrkhan","family":"Barmak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Research and Production Center \u00abMVA GROUP\u00bb LLP, 1124, Accounting Quarter 096, Koksay Village, Irgeli Rural District, Karasay District, Almaty Region, Almaty 040921, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dulat","family":"Inkarbekov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Research and Production Center \u00abMVA GROUP\u00bb LLP, 1124, Accounting Quarter 096, Koksay Village, Irgeli Rural District, Karasay District, Almaty Region, Almaty 040921, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oralkhan","family":"Tusipkanuly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Research and Production Center \u00abMVA GROUP\u00bb LLP, 1124, Accounting Quarter 096, Koksay Village, Irgeli Rural District, Karasay District, Almaty Region, Almaty 040921, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7767-0542","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aiganym","family":"Tussipova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Research and Production Center \u00abMVA GROUP\u00bb LLP, 1124, Accounting Quarter 096, Koksay Village, Irgeli Rural District, Karasay District, Almaty Region, Almaty 040921, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Berik","family":"Khairullin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Research and Production Center \u00abMVA GROUP\u00bb LLP, 1124, Accounting Quarter 096, Koksay Village, Irgeli Rural District, Karasay District, Almaty Region, Almaty 040921, Kazakhstan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2023). 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