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Therefore, in this study we aimed to produce and characterize novel recombinant proteins from Rickettsia rickettsii with potential use in serological detection. The proteins were expressed in Escherichia coli, used in mouse immunization protocols, and also evaluated by indirect IgG ELISA using a cohort of serum samples from wild boars naturally exposed to Rickettsia spp. and from tick-naive farm pigs. The proteins displayed high immunogenicity with the induction of specific murine IgG antibodies, with high avidity after the third dose of immunization. A high IgG seropositivity rate (100%) and antibody avidity (&gt;70%) were observed in wild boar serum samples when evaluated by ELISA. In addition, a significant positive correlation was observed between the swine-specific IgG levels against rPhenAl and rYJBI and the IgG levels against the rOmpA antigen. The novel proteins produced represent promising new immunogenic and antigenic candidates for serological detection of wild animals naturally exposed to Rickettsia spp.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens15090994","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T17:56:41Z","timestamp":1790099801000},"page":"994","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Novel Rickettsia rickettsii Proteins with Potential Use for Serological Detection of Wild Natural Reservoirs"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8972-749X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hernan H. M.","family":"da Costa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Multi-Purpose Laboratory, Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05503-900, Brazil"},{"name":"Graduate Program Interunits in Biotechnology, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-090, Brazil"},{"name":"Immunology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maribel L.","family":"Loza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38405-302, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcia G.","family":"Guereschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gustavo C.","family":"Amorim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Program Interunits in Biotechnology, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-090, Brazil"},{"name":"Immunology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreza C.","family":"Matias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Mathematics, Computation and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, Santo Andre 09280-560, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcelo","family":"Lancellotti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of Campinas, Campinas 13083-871, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"},{"role":"conceptualization","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"writing-review-editing","vocabulary":"credit"},{"role":"supervision","vocabulary":"credit"}]},{"given":"Ana Carolina P.","family":"Sousa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38410-337, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carolina F.","family":"Osava","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38410-337, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonardo J.","family":"Richtzenhain","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9675-3132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelo B.","family":"Labruna","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Veterinary Medicine and Animal Health, School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-270, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matias Pablo J.","family":"Szab\u00f3","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary and Animal Science, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38410-337, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7701-0707","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos R.","family":"Prudencio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Multi-Purpose Laboratory, Butantan Institute, Sao Paulo 05503-900, Brazil"},{"name":"Graduate Program Interunits in Biotechnology, University of S\u00e3o Paulo, Sao Paulo 05508-090, Brazil"},{"name":"Immunology Center, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Sao Paulo 01246-000, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6182-4298","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jair P.","family":"Cunha-Junior","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Immunology, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38405-302, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1590\/S1678-91992008000100002","article-title":"Brazilian Spotted Fever: A Reemergent Zoonosis","volume":"14","author":"Greca","year":"2008","journal-title":"J. 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