{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,8]],"date-time":"2026-10-08T16:10:48Z","timestamp":1791475848474,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]],"date-time":"2019-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1560124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"undefined  &lt;span style=&quot;color:gray;font-size:10px;&quot;&gt;undefined&lt;\/span&gt;","award":["National Scientific Center Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine (NSC IECVM)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["National Scientific Center Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine (NSC IECVM)"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Genotypic variation in Beijing lineages of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB), the causative agent of tuberculosis (TB), has been associated with hyper virulence and the spread of extensively and multiple drug (X\/MDR) resistant MTB strains in Eastern Europe, Central Asia, and East Asia. The clinical outcomes of 215 new cases of TB among the population of the Kharkiv region of Eastern Ukraine were analyzed to uncover factors associated with severe infection. Infecting MTB strains were profiled by 5 locus exact tandem repeats (ETRs) and 15 locus mycobacterial interspersed repetitive unit-variable number tandem repeat (MIRU-VNTR) genotyping. Among diverse MTB genotypes discovered in Ukraine, the Beijing genotype (MIRU-VNTR 42425) was significantly associated with risk factors for severe outcomes of disease in the study population, including TB\/HIV co-infection and treatment failure. Strain replacement (superinfection) was observed in 10 patients, suggesting repeated exposure to novel MTB strains in hospital or community settings. Inclusion of MTB genotyping data may identify at-risk patients and improve treatment adherence to prevent X\/MDR development for effective public health response against tuberculosis in Ukraine.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens8020075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]],"date-time":"2019-06-10T11:39:47Z","timestamp":1560166787000},"page":"75","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Severe Clinical Outcomes of Tuberculosis in Kharkiv Region, Ukraine, Are Associated with Beijing Strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6176-9786","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olha","family":"Konstantynovska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, 61176 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9622-9904","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariia","family":"Rekrotchuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Scientific Center Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine (NSC IECVM), 61023 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Hrek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, 61176 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9553-814X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anton","family":"Rohozhyn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, 61176 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nataliia","family":"Rudova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Scientific Center Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine (NSC IECVM), 61023 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petro","family":"Poteiko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kharkiv Medical Academy of Postgraduate Education, 61176 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anton","family":"Gerilovych","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Scientific Center Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine (NSC IECVM), 61023 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1376-0012","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Bortz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, University of Alaska Anchorage, Anchorage, AK 99508, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Oleksii","family":"Solodiankin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Scientific Center Institute of Experimental and Clinical Veterinary Medicine (NSC IECVM), 61023 Kharkiv, Ukraine"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Organisation Mondiale de la Sant\u00e9 (2016). 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