{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T05:26:07Z","timestamp":1789017967280,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,15]],"date-time":"2019-08-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1565827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Infection with the enteric protozoan Entamoeba histolytica is still a serious public health problem, especially in developing countries. Amoebic liver abscess (ALA) is the most common extraintestinal manifestation of the amoebiasis, and it can lead to serious and potentially life-threatening complications in some people. ALA can be cured by metronidazole (MTZ); however, because it has poor activity against luminal trophozoites, 40\u201360% of treated patients get repeated episodes of invasive disease and require repeated treatments that can induce resistance to MTZ, this may emerge as an important public health problem. Anti-virulence strategies that impair the virulence of pathogens are one of the novel approaches to solving the problem. In this study, we found that low doses of curcumin (10 and 50 \u03bcM) attenuate the virulence of E. histolytica without affecting trophozoites growth or triggering liver injury. Curcumin (CUR) decreases the expression of genes associated with E. histolytica virulence (gal\/galnac lectin, ehcp1, ehcp5, and amoebapore), and is correlated with significantly lower amoebic invasion. In addition, oxidative stress is critically involved in the etiopathology of amoebic liver abscess; our results show no changes in mRNA expression levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) after E. histolytica infection, with or without CUR. This study provides clear evidence that curcumin could be an anti-virulence agent against E. histolytica, and makes it an attractive potential starting point for effective treatments that reduce downstream amoebic liver abscess.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens8030127","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,15]],"date-time":"2019-08-15T04:22:54Z","timestamp":1565842974000},"page":"127","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Curcumin Attenuates the Pathogenicity of Entamoeba histolytica by Regulating the Expression of Virulence Factors in an Ex-Vivo Model Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Itzia Azucena","family":"Rangel-Casta\u00f1eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Carranza-Rosales","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica del Noreste, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Monterrey 64720, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2925-0532","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nancy Elena","family":"Guzm\u00e1n-Delgado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad M\u00e9dica de Alta Especialidad (UMAE), Hospital de Cardiolog\u00eda No. 34, Monterrey 64360, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jos\u00e9 Manuel","family":"Hern\u00e1ndez-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Celular, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 07360, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sirenia","family":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Pozos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Microscop\u00eda Electr\u00f3nica LaNSE, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 07360, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Armando","family":"P\u00e9rez-Rangel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Biolog\u00eda Celular, Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n y Estudios Avanzados del Instituto Polit\u00e9cnico Nacional, Ciudad de M\u00e9xico 07360, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4461-7673","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Araceli","family":"Castillo-Romero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda y Patolog\u00eda, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara 44340, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,8,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"318","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.13.2.318","article-title":"Pathogenesis of intestinal amebiasis: From molecules to disease","volume":"13","year":"2000","journal-title":"Clin. 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