{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,29]],"date-time":"2026-05-29T23:34:04Z","timestamp":1780097644976,"version":"3.54.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,24]],"date-time":"2019-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569283200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004359","name":"Vetenskapsr\u00e5det","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2015-03295"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2015-03295"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004359","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PJT-148621"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PJT-148621"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>There is limited data on virologic outcome and its correlates among HIV-infected children in resource-limited settings. We investigated rate and correlates of virologic outcome among treatment na\u00efve HIV-infected Ethiopian children initiating cART, and were followed prospectively at baseline, 8, 12, 24 and 48 weeks using plasma viral load, clinical examination, laboratory tests and pretreatment HIV drug resistance (PDR) screening. Virologic outcome was assessed using two endpoints\u2013virological suppression defined as having \u201cundetectable\u201d plasma viral load &lt; 150 RNA copies\/mL, and rebound defined as viral load \u2265150 copies\/mL after achieving suppression. Cox Proportional Hazards Regression was employed to assess correlates of outcome. At the end of follow up, virologic outcome was measured for 110 participants. Overall, 94(85.5%) achieved virological suppression, of which 36(38.3%) experienced virologic rebound. At 48 weeks, 9(8.2%) children developed WHO-defined virological treatment failure. Taking tenofovir-containing regimen (Hazard Ratio (HR) 3.1-[95% confidence interval (95%CI) 1.0\u20139.6], p = 0.049) and absence of pretreatment HIV drug resistance (HR 11.7-[95%CI 1.3\u2013104.2], p = 0.028) were independently associated with earlier virologic suppression. In conclusion, PDR and cART regimen type correlate with rate of virologic suppression which was prominent during the first year of cART initiation. However, the impact of viral rebound in 38.3% of the children needs evaluation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens8040161","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,25]],"date-time":"2019-09-25T03:51:18Z","timestamp":1569383478000},"page":"161","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Rates and Correlates of Short Term Virologic Response among Treatment-Na\u00efve HIV-Infected Children Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy in Ethiopia: A Multi-Center Prospective Cohort Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4005-8605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Birkneh Tilahun","family":"Tadesse","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge,  141 86 Stockholm, Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa 1560, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3209-2731","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adugna","family":"Chala","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jackson","family":"Mukonzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, Makerere University, Kampala, Uganda"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8983-2388","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tolosssa Eticha","family":"Chaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adama General Hospital and Medical College, Adama 84, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sintayehu","family":"Tadesse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9259-5288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eyasu","family":"Makonnen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia"},{"name":"CDT Africa, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa 9086, Ethiopia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8157-1037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zabrina L.","family":"Brumme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada"},{"name":"British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV\/AIDS, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2722-5288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chanson J.","family":"Brumme","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Columbia Centre for Excellence in HIV\/AIDS, Vancouver, BC V6Z 1Y6, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9788-0790","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleni","family":"Aklillu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge,  141 86 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"UNAIDS (2019, May 29). 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