{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,4]],"date-time":"2026-06-04T13:27:07Z","timestamp":1780579627401,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]],"date-time":"2020-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583971200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P20GM103476"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P20GM103476"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Pathogens"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive facultative anaerobic bacterium that is responsible for the disease, listeriosis. It is particularly lethal in pregnant women, the fetus, the elderly and the immunocompromised. The pathogen survives and replicates over a wide range of temperatures (4 to 42 \u00b0C), pH, salt and oxygen concentrations. Because it can withstand various environments, L. monocytogenes is a major concern in food processing industries, especially in dairy products and ready-to-eat fruits, vegetables and deli meats. The environment in which the pathogen is exposed can influence the expression of virulence genes. For instance, studies have shown that variations in oxygen availability can impact resistance to stressors. Further investigation is needed to understand the essential genes required for the growth of L. monocytogenes in anaerobic conditions. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to highlight the data on L. monocytogenes under known environmental stresses in anaerobic environments and to focus on gaps in knowledge that may be advantageous to study in order to better understand the pathogenicity of the bacterium.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/pathogens9030210","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]],"date-time":"2020-03-12T12:22:51Z","timestamp":1584015771000},"page":"210","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":51,"title":["Listeria monocytogenes Response to Anaerobic Environments"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Brandy N.","family":"Roberts","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biological Sciences, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS 39762, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Damayanti","family":"Chakravarty","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"J.C.","family":"Gardner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven C.","family":"Ricke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Food Safety, Department of Food Science, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72704, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9466-7233","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janet R.","family":"Donaldson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cell and Molecular Biology, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS 39406, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"407","DOI":"10.1002\/path.1700290409","article-title":"A disease of rabbit characterised by a large mononuclear leucocytosis, caused by a hitherto undescribed bacillus: Bacterium monocytogenes (n. sp.)","volume":"29","author":"Murray","year":"1926","journal-title":"J. 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